SCHIZOGONIUM. 



[ 681 ] 



SCIIIZOMYCETES. 



nosa (PI. 3. fig. 16) is found growing upon 

 aquatic plants or floating free, in little gela- 

 tinous masses composed of globular . green 

 cells, 1-2000" in diameter, surrounded 

 by a hyaline cell-membrane. The remark- 

 able peculiarity in this genus is the splitting 

 of the hyaline membrane into two or four 

 equal parts by regular, clean dehiscence, the 

 internal cell-mass becoming divided at the 

 same time or remaining unchanged. By 

 frequent repetition of this splitting, the 

 internal cell acquiring a new coat each time, 

 the cell becomes surrounded by a number 

 of fragments of the old coats, held together 

 by a gelatinous matter. 



Zoogonidia produced by the division and 

 subdivision of the cell-contents. Macro- 

 gonidia and microgonidia exist. 



BIBL. Braun, Verjiingung, Ray Soc. 1853 ; 

 Kiitz. Sp. Alg. 891 Eabenh. Alg. iii. 32. 



Fig. 633. 



Schizogonium murale. 



Filaments of frond in various stages of development. 

 Magnified 300 diameters. 



SCHIZOGONIUM, Kiitz. A genus of 

 Ulvacese (Confervoid Algae), nearly related 

 to Prasiola, distinguished by filiform fronds, 

 which, when youno;, present only a single 

 row of cells, but subsequently, by collateral 

 subdivision, have two, four, or eight parallel 

 rows. Of the species given by Kiitzing, the 

 following appear to be British : 



S. murale (Bangia velutina, Ktz., olim) 

 (fig. 633). Fronds of a single row of cells 

 1-2400 to 1-2160" in diam. ; double, 1-1440 

 to 1-1260" ; triple, 1-720"; cells half as long 

 as broad, dull green. On damp earth and 

 walls, common. 



S. percursum (Enteromorpha, Ag.). 

 Frond with a double row of cells, 1-1200 to 

 1-900" in diam. ; length of cells equal to the 

 breadth; bright or pale green; collapsed 

 when dry. Marine. 



S. Icetevirew (Bangia, Harv.). Frond 

 with a simple row of cells, 1-1800 to 1-1440" 

 in diam., rigid ; with a double row, 1-600' ' ; 

 bright or yellowish green. Marine. 



Bangia lacustris, Harv., is given as a 

 doubtful species. 



BIBL. Kiitz. Sp. Alg. 350, Tab. Phyc. ii. 

 pis. 98, 99 ; Harvey, Brit. Alg. 1. 172, and 

 Marine Alg. 211. 



SCHIZOLO'MA, Gaudichaud, = Lind- 

 say a, pt. 



SCHIZOM'ERIS, Ktz. A genus of Ul- 

 vacese (Confervoid Algae). 



Char. Thallus capillary, flattened upwards, 

 fixed by a callous base; growth by cell- 

 division, first in one and then in two direc- 

 tions, so as to form cell- groups of fours. S. 

 Leibleinii (PI. 3. fig. 17) ; freshwater. 



BIBL. Rabenh. Fl. Eur. Alg. iii. 311. 



SCHIZOMYCE'TES, Nag. An order of 

 Fungi. 



These organisms consist of very minute, 

 mostly colourless cells, or filaments, occur- 

 ring in organic liquids, or upon organic bodies, 

 from which they derive their nourishment, 

 and the decomposition or putrefaction of 

 which they produce by their vegetative 

 growth. They are sometimes globular, at 

 others cylindrical, more or less distinctly 

 jointed, straight, undulate, or spiral. They 

 were formerly supposed to arise from spon- 

 taneous generation; also to be the early 

 forms of Mucedines &c., but their develop- 

 ment in this direction has not been traced. 

 Some are motionless, others move by cilia, 

 or internal undulatory motion. In some 

 cases, they secrete a gelatinous material, 

 which unites them into rounded masses, 

 constituting the so-called zoogloea-forms. 

 They are all insoluble in potash or ammonia. 

 They are reproduced by transverse division, 

 or by sporangia and spores ; i. e. certain of 

 the cells or joints are more persistent, and 

 offer more resistance to outer agencies. 



They are stated to cause phosphorescence 

 upon decomposing fish. 



The knowledge of these organisms is very 



