VERTEBBALINA, 



[ 806 ] 



VESSELS. 



thecia, only they are much smaller; they 

 occur either scattered among the perithecia, 

 or collected towards the margins of the 

 thallus. Species very numerous. 



BIBL. Hook. Br. Fl ii. pt. 1. 152 ; Leigh- 

 ton,Lich. Fl 444 ; Schserer, Enum. crit. 213 ; 

 Tulasne, Ann. Sc. Nat. 3. xvii. 215, pi. 3. 



VERTEBRALI'NA, D'Orb. A genus 

 of Porcellaneous Foraminifera, near Miliola. 



Char. Shell free, regular, greatly com- 

 pressed, mostly inequilateral, more convex 

 on one side than on the other, suborbicular 

 or elongate ; spire embracing in the young- 

 state only, afterwards straight; chambers in 

 the spire, two or three; orifice a large 

 patulous aperture along the septal plane. 

 See ABTICULINA and RENULITBS, 



One recent British species : 



V. striata (PI. 23. fig. 10). 



BIBL. Williamson, Rec. Far. 89; Car- 

 penter, Introd. For. 72. 



VERTICIL'LIUM, Nees. A genus of 

 Mucedines (Hyphpmycetous Fungi), distin- 

 guished from Botrytis (under 

 which it is included, with 

 Acrostalagmus, by Fries) 

 chiefly by the verticillate 

 arrangement of the sporifer- 

 ous branches. A number of 

 species are described; but, 

 from the observations of Hoff- 

 mann and Bail on the germi- 

 nation of Tricothecium, this 

 genus represents only one 

 form of the plants belonging 

 to other genera, V. ruberri- 

 mum, Bonorden (Botrytis ver- 

 ticilloides, Corda, which Hoff- 

 mann regards as identical with 

 Acrostalagmus parasitans and cylindrosporoin. 

 cinnabarinus), having been Magnified 200 

 raised from the spores of Tri- diameterB - 

 chothecium roseum, and its " spores " being 

 barren (see TBICHOTHECIUM). Berkeley 

 and Broome describe and figure several new 

 species. 



BIBL. Ann. N. H. 2. vii. 101, pi. 7. 

 figs. 15-18; Fries, Sum. Veg. (Botrytis), 

 491. 



See also TBICHOTHECIUM. 



VESICULA'RIA, Thomps. A genus of 

 Infundibulate Ctenostomatous Polyzoa, of 

 the family Vesiculariidae. 



V. spinosa, the only species, general on 

 marine shells, &c. 



BIBL. Thompson, Zool. Elustr. 98 ; John- 

 ston, Br. Zooph. 370; Hincks, Polyz. 512. 



Verticillium 



VESICULARHM;. A family of In- 

 fundibulate Ctenostomatous Polyzoa. 



Char. Polypidom plant-like, horny, tubu- 

 lar ; cells free, deciduous, the ends flexible 

 and invertile. Genera : 



Serialaria (Amathid). Shoots slender, 

 filiform, erect, branched ; cells tubular, ad- 

 herent, uniserial and unilateral, rows inter- 

 rupted by blank intervals ; tentacles eight. 



Vesicularia. Shoots branched, jointed ; 

 cells oval, distinct, uniserial and unilateral ; 

 eight tentacles, and a gizzard. 



Valkeria. Variously branched ; cells oval, 

 irregularly clustered ; eight tentacles, no 

 gizzard. 



Mimosetta. Variously branched; cells 

 ovate, in two rows, opposite, jointed at the 

 base ; eight tentacles and a gizzard. 



Avenella. Filiform, creeping, nearly 

 simple ; cells large, solitary, scattered, in one 

 row, slightly contracted at the top, curved; 

 twenty to twenty-four tentacles, and a small 

 gizzard. 



Nolella. Cells erect, subcylindrical, 

 crowded on tubes which form an undefined 

 incrusting mat ; tentacles eighteen. 



Boiverbankia (PI. 18. fig. 19). Matted 

 and creeping, or erect and irregularly 

 branched ; cells tubular, densely clustered ; 

 tentacles eight to ten, and a strong gizzard. 



Farrella. As Bowerbankia, but tentacles 

 twelve to thirty, and no gizzard. 



Anguinella. Branched palmately, one 

 tube springing from another, largely com- 

 posed of mud ; animals with twelve tenta- 

 cles and no gizzard. 



BIBL. Johnston, Br. Zooph. 367 ; Gosse, 

 Mar. Zool. ii. 19 ; Hincks, Polyz. 512. 



VES'PA,Linn. Vespa wdyaris, the wasp, 

 and V. crabro, the hornet, are readily acces- 

 sible insects for the examination of the sting 

 (STING). 



VESSELS OF ANIMALS. See ABTEBIES, 

 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM, and VEINS. 



VESSELS OP PLANTS. This name was 

 applied by the earlier observers to various 

 elongated tubular structures of vegetable 

 tissues, from an idea that they corresponded 

 with the vessels of animals ; and the name 

 is still retained. The spiral, annular, &c. 

 vessels are described under SPIBAL STBUC- 

 TUBES. The term vessel is now generally 

 contrasted with DUCT, to indicate a single 

 long tubular cell, or row of confluent elon- 

 gated cells, with spiral secondary deposits 

 upon their walls, in contradistinction to a 

 canal formed of a row of cells, with pitted 



