VORTICELLINA. 



[ 815 ] 



WATER. 



F. nebulifera (PL 32. fig. 21). Body 

 conico-carnpanulate, colouiiess ; anterior 

 margin dilated; body without rings when 

 contracted. Length of body without the 

 stalk 1-570 to 1-288". 



V. microstoma (PI. 32. fig. 26, body 

 with gemmae). Body ovate, narrowed at 

 the ends, greenish white; anterior margin 

 not dilated, nor body ringed when con- 

 tracted. Length of body 1-2000 to 1-250". 



r. convallaria. Body ovato-conical, 

 whitish hyaline, annulate; expanded ante- 



rior margin slightly prominent. Length of 

 body 1-430 to 1-240". 



Many other species. 



Dujardin unites the genera CarchexiKin 

 and Zoothamnium to his genus V&rticetta. 



BIBL. Ehr. Inf. 269; Duj. Inf. 546; 

 Lachmann, Ann. N. H. 1857, xix. ; Clap, 

 et Lach. Inf. ; Greef, Ann. N. H. 1872, 105, 

 196, 384, 462 ; Allman, Mn. Mic. Jn. xiv. 

 178 ; Kent, Inf. 667. 



VORTICELLI'NA. A family of Infu- 

 soria. 



Table of Genera. 



- -I 

 Q 



Without a pos- 

 terior crown I 

 of cilia during 1 

 the greater 

 part of life. \ 



Naked. 



Sheathed. 



(A. peduncle. 



INo pedun- 

 c le . 



Peduncle 

 contrac- 

 tile 



G-EXUS. 



VorticeUa. 



Not branched 



/'Each branch haTing a 



Branched. J A ^Tta^hrf <Maium ' 



( muscle Zoothamnium. 



Peduncle not contractile Epistylie. 



i, j' i_ I No funnel ... ... Scyphidia. 



by a disk. J * r 



,No disk Gerda. 



( No true sheath, the peduncle lost in a gelatinous mass Ophrydium. 



Animal fixed to 

 the base of the 



* nr m* > Sheath fixed by its base Cothurnia. 



A sheath. 4 JJeaS^ f Sheath fixed by its side Vaglnicola. 



Animal suspended freely in the sheath Lagenophrys. 



With a posterior ciliary crown during the whole of life; body free Trichodina. 



BIBL. Clap. & Lach. Inf. 93; AUrnan, 

 Qu. Mic. Jn. 1872, 393. 



VORTICLA'VA, Alder. A genus of 

 Hydroid Zoophytes. 



"Char. Polypes on simple stems, developed 

 at intervals on a creeping filiform stolon ; 

 tentacles in two dissimilar whorls, the oral 

 short and capitate, the outer longer and 

 filiform ; reproduction unknown. 



Two species, on stones and corallines. 



BIBL. Jiincks, Hydr. Zooph. 131; Wright, 

 Qu. Mic. Jn. iii. n. s. 50. 

 \nJLVULI'NA,D'Orb. SeeTEXTULAEiA. 



W. 



WART. The common hard wart con- 

 sists of a circular group of elongated papillae 

 with their free extremities slightly enlarged 

 and bulbous, their vessels dilated and ex- 

 tending close up to the epithelial covering. 

 This presents its normal threefold division, 

 inasmuch as a thick layer of transition-cells 

 fills up all the interstices between the en- 

 larged papillae, while the horny lamina in- 

 vests the group of papillae with a common 

 covering. (Rindfleisch, Path. Hist.} 



WASP. See VESPA. 



WATER. Under this head we might 

 form a kind of index referring to a large 

 proportion of the articles of which this 



volume is composed, since water, existing 

 under different circumstances, forms one 

 of the most fertile sources of microscopic 

 objects ; but as our space and plan do not 

 admit of such an enumeration, we must be 

 content to dwell shortly upon two of the 

 most important questions in which the mi- 

 croscope is applied to the examination of 

 the contents of water. 



Ordinary examination of water. Here it 

 appears merely necessary to point out that 

 the mode of examining the contents of sam- 

 ples of water, for the purpose of ascertaining 

 the extent to which organic beings are con- 

 tained in them, should be very different 

 from that pursued by the microscopist who 

 is engaged in collecting specimens. We 

 make this remark in consequence of the 

 gross misrepresentations which have been 

 made respecting the " animalcules " in 

 water, carried to their most absurd extreme 

 in the so-called " drop " of water shown by 

 oxyhydrogen microscopes, where we often 

 see the field covered with larvae of dragon- 

 flies, of beetles, of gnats, &c., Entomos- 

 traca, and worms of different kinds, not 

 only preceptible without a microscope, but, 

 in the case of the larvae, perhaps really more 

 than an inch long. Less violent exagge- 

 rations occur when water which appears 

 cloudy is selected, allowed to stand for some 



