156 .JAIN TEMPLE. 



Of Jain origin tlieit' are I'enuiiiis of many tine 

 temples still extant in countries south of Dharwar, 

 datinof from the beofinning- of our era to the 13th 

 century, on some of which Colonel Meadows Taylor, 

 twenty-five years ago, when Deputy Commissioner 

 of Shorapoor and the Kaichore Doab, discovered 

 ancient Canarese inscriptions ; the finest complete 

 specimen, however, is found at Gujerat, of the 11th 

 century. The style of construction is always twelve- 

 pillared, whilst that of the Hindus, when pure, is 

 astylar ; it is also noted for the Stambhas, a graceful 

 column, often thirty to fifty feet high, foi-merly used for 

 bearing emblems, figures of animals or statues elabor- 

 ately adorned. The four-pillared pavilion or portico in 

 front of Hindu temples receives from the Jains a 

 fifth pillar in the centre, else there is little difi^^'ei-ence 

 between them. The Jain temple always covers an 

 image placed in a square cell, which receives its light 

 from the doorway only. 



The bazaars of Mangalore are well supplied with 

 articles of native, as well as foreign, industry, amongst 

 the former the silver ornaments of Southern India 

 deserve a special notice. The " bidree" work, with its in- 

 cisions filled up with some black composition, resembles 

 the well-known Byzantine "niello" of the twelfth to 

 the fifteenth century, and the handsome C^aucasian 



