74 AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL, 1924. 



takinji, thus ennbliup tluMii it» keep dear of the center of the storm and per- 

 haps saving the loss of hoth lil'e and property. 



\\\' wisli to take tliis opportunity <(f expressing' to you our thanks for the 

 valued services rendered, wliicli are jrreatly appreciated. 

 Yours very truly. 



Stanuakd Oil. Co. (New .TerskyK 

 Marink Dkpabtmknt. 

 RoRKRT L. Hagve, hfanayer. 



That is an illustration of the real henefits that come from our daily 

 work, and every dollar of money in our appropriation. I feel, is pro- 

 ductive of immediate economic benefit day after day. 



I have prepared a written statement here shovvin<r some of the 

 work of the bureau, which I would like to have placed in the record, 

 if you please. 



Mr. Anderson. Without objection, it <;oes into the record. 



BRIKF STATKMKNT OF WORK ANI) SERVICE OF THE TNITED STATES WEATHER BrREAU. 



The daily program of work of the Weather Bureau coiuprises a very far- 

 reachn^ service of direct and inunediate practical and economic benetit to all 

 the people and all the activities of the Nation. This work is i»ased on weather 

 observations taken simultaneously and twice daily at about 200 stations in the 

 United States, so placed ireofrraphically as to cover all sections of the i-ountry, 

 and from points in Canada, the West Indies. Mexico, Ontral America. Alaska, 

 Hawaiian Islands. P.ernuida, Euroj)e. the Far East, and a few other points in 

 the Northern Hemisphere. The reports are received by tele;rrai)h. by telephone, 

 and by radio, and are charted at tlie district forecast centers which are located 

 at Washinjiton. Cbicafi'*, New Orleans, Denver, and San Francisco. The fore- 

 casts and warning's are deduced therefrom and are innnediately disseminated. 

 The time consumed between the takinji of the oi)servations and the issuiim of 

 the forecasts and warniuj^s is aitout one and one-half hours. Every reasonal)le 

 means is utilized to the utmost to secure the inunediate and comi»lcte dissemi- 

 nat on of forecasts, warnings, and advices of all kinds. 



TOPICAL l.IST OF MORE IMPORTANT SERVICES. 



(c) Daily forecasts and weekly outlook. 



(6) Shii)iiers' forecasts. 



(c) Warnings of floods and advices as to stajjes of important rivers. 



(<7) Storm and hurricane warnin.'i:s. 



(c) Cold-wave warniufis. 



(/") Frost warnings for protec-tion of orchards and other cn»ps. 



{(I) Fruit spray and harvest weather advices. 



{h) Cotton and corn and wheat region service. 



(/) Cattle region service. 



(j) AVeekly weather and crop luilletin. 



(A) Fire weather warning for protection of forests. 



(/) Hearch and investigations. 



The foregoing services are briefly described in what follows: 



(o) Dally fonrastn and ircckli/ <nit](Kih-. — Forecasts, covering periods of 

 36 to 4S hours in advance, are issued twice daily, S a. m. and S p. m., seventy- 

 fifth meridian time, and are telegraphed to aitout l.tiOO distriiuiling points and 

 thence further disseminated by telegrnlih. telephone, radio, nnd mail to seviTal 

 thousand <ities. towns, ami conununities. They are furnished al.s<t to press 

 associations and to newsjmpers, and are published in i)ractically every dally 

 newspaper in the United States. Printed maps ;iiid bulletins contaiidng 

 weal her re|»orts and forcn-asts are mailed or deliviMcd to commercial, marine, 

 agricidtural. imlusti-ial. and educational institutions in less than tbri>e hours 

 after the observations are taken. The manifold uses to which the weather 

 forecasts and information are applied are iinpracticnble of enumeration. The 

 life and activity of the wliole iiopulation are affectcMl by tbt^ weather and 

 re<'eive more or less benetit therefrom. 



A Weekly Outlook is issued each Salurd.iy for the six days beginning witii 

 the ensuing .Monday, and <'overs the entire liiited Stifles, which is divided for 

 the purpose Into nine zones. The forecasts necessiuMly are couched In general 



