172 AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BlIX, li>24. 



Doctor Tavloh. Thoro is a possibility there in case of certain of 

 the weeds that do not mature as earlv as these grains do. In case 

 of garhc, it is becoming: very troublesome in the Middle West, in 

 Missouri and Kansas. The St. Tjouis market durini; the lust two or 

 three years has })een full of jjarlicky wheat, as well as this old gar- 

 licky country of Maryland, Delaware, and tidewater ^'iro;inia. The 

 practical control has o^ot to come through deep ploughing in the fall 

 and the planting of tilled crops with jiractically clean cultivation 

 for at least one year. The deep ph^ughing results in a freezing and 

 cleaning out of a large proportion of the bulbs, the clean tilling 

 killing the remainder; the keeping of the f(>nce rows clean as well .»- 

 the fields is important, so that there will not be a reseeding of the 

 field quickly from the fence rows. 



Mr. Anderson. How much is the wheat penalized because of 

 garlic ? 



Doctor Taylor. It is rather diflicult to get at that, but there have 

 been cases where studies have been made on a fairly large scale 

 where the actua'l penalization that the farmer has carried has been 

 an^'where from 10 to 15 cents a bushel. There was an estimate 

 recently made based on a careful study of the inspection of the 

 ports of Philadelphia, Boston, and Baltimore, where most of the 

 wheat is exported — the Pennsylvania-grown wheat— and it showed 

 that the farmers in Pennsylvania had been penalized during tlu' 

 year in f|uestion something like a million dollars merely on account 

 of garlic, and Pennsylvania is not an important wheat-exporting State. 



Mr. Anderson. Of course, the penalization would pn)bably be 

 relatively greater in the smaller markets than it would be in the 

 larer ones ? 



dry-land agricultural investigations. 



Doctor Taylor. Yes. On page lOS is the appn^priation for dry- 

 land agricultural investigaticms. The estimates provide an increase 

 of SI 1,000, and the addition of a proviso removing this paragraph 

 from the limitations in this act as to the cost of farm buildings. The 

 reason for the increased appropriation is to make possible the replac- 

 ing of implements and ef|uipment and the repair of buihlings on the 

 field stations that are carried under this subappropi-iation. (K these. 

 2 have been in operation for 15 years; 2 for 11 years: 2 for 9 yeai-s; 

 1 each for S, 7, and G years, respectively, and during the period 

 (substantially the period since \\)\-i) there has been necessarily a 

 postponement of repair and replacements that we now have to make. 

 Buildings need painting. Implements have been used to the limit 

 of their efliciency, ami the estimate is to cov(>r that feature. 



Mr. A.NDEKsoN. How extensive are the buildings maintained on 

 these dry-land stations ^ 



Doctor Taylor. They vary greatly from distinctly important aiul 

 permanent types of structure at Mandan, N. Dak., where the experi- 

 ment station was speci(ically providtMl for by (\vngre.ss several years 

 ago, to a typical building outfit at such a field station as wouhl con- 

 sist of a dwelling for the superintendent, a bariL a tool Ikuisc in 

 some places a tlu'csliing building for the handling of numerous ex- 

 perimental lots of grain five or six frame huildings. which would 

 r(^[)resent an investment of probably ten or t\\('lv(> thousand dollars. 



