AcnicrLTrRAi. appropriation BILI^ 11>24. 208 



(M>»i!ilrv and Imvr imt had tlinn ■>iinf n ;i<lirntit)f; thoir harl»cnv 

 blislu's, and wln'ii (liry d<» liiivc llic l»la<k ^Irm nisi flicv friwr if to 

 barb«Miv l»ii"<h('s. 



It has taken tlicin a Ion;; tiinr to ;;«'t rid of llifir roniinoii harlM-rry 

 bushes. ^and it si-rins to nic it is ;;oin;; to takr us a Ion;; tinu- to ^ct 

 rid of thnn, altlioii;;li \\c rnu <io{ rid of tluMu if \\v chu ;;o after them 

 int<M)sively in tho next t\V(» or throe years. If we do thnt we will 

 cut the niinihei- down to such a [)oint that the weed inspectors and 

 other State authorities, as well as the children who are hein;: educated 

 up to tin' needs of the farm, can simply locate and eradicate the 

 remainin;; hushes. 



.lust one or two lhin};s more. I want to emnlmsi/c il»c fact that 

 Europe has controlled the hiack-stem rust hy the era<lication of the 

 common harherrv. 'i'hev do not fear the !)lark-stem rust in western 

 Europe and it seldom appears at all, and when it does appear it is 

 to»> late t(» do much damafre. If tlu'V can solve their rust [)rol)lem 

 over there we <an do it here. Tlie (lernum pathoIo;;ists lau;;hed at 

 mc when I told them we were carryini; on this <-ampai;rn in the 

 United States, and thev asked me why tlie farmers did not take out 

 the harherrv l)us}ies. ll told tiiem some people did not l)eli<>ve in it: 

 at least did not helieve in it thorou;;hly enou;;h to support it very 

 TifTorously. and that some people tliouf|;ht it was an experiment, 

 IThev actually lau;j:hed at me and said. ''The thin^; is absolutely settled 

 in this country: there is nothin;; to it at all.'' 



I want to enij)hasize the fact that we must not get the idea that this 

 disease is destruetive only to wheat. In Sweden, in the sprinfj-wheat- 

 growing re;;ion and in the southern part of the country, it is apparently 

 as destructive to oats as it is to wheat; it is also dessructive to barley 

 and rye. and so it ojoes as to all of our common small grains. Not 

 onlv that, but in Sweden, where there are tremendous numbers of 

 buslies it was even affecting their pasture grasses. So it seems to 

 me we are not dealing with an experiment hut we are dealing with a 

 big prol)lem and one that has bepu solved in Western Europe. It is 

 a problem that can be solved in this country and I am absolutely and 

 firndy convinced that the best way to solve it is by attacking it very 

 vigorously for the next — I will be a little more conservative than 

 some of these men - two or three years at least, and then after that 

 we ouglit to get rid of practically all of the bushes, except those which 

 can be eradicated by tiie children who are growing up. by the weed 

 inspectors, and by these various other agencies. In cotmection with 

 that we have got to do a lot of educational work because it is a big 

 job. I have not a thing to do with the barberry eradicating program 

 and 1 am simply saying this l>ecause I am so firmly convinced it has 

 got to 1)1' done. 1 sincerely hojx' financial facilities will hi* provided 

 iwhich will make it possible for us to go ahead and solve the problem 

 in tliis way. I thank you. 



Mr. Ani)f:rso\. Are you familiar with what has been done in this 

 icountrv i 



|j Doctor Stakman. Yes; that is, I wtis familiar with what has been 

 done in this country until this summer. I was away all summer, so 

 that I have not caught Uj) as yet with what has been done this summer. 



Mr. Fi Li.KK. I have a great deal of information, in one fotm or 

 1 not her. with regaril to the work done in the ptust year. 



