At.lUC Ll-iLKAl, Al'i'lUil'UIATlOX UllA^ I'J^i. 36^ 



is furnishoil diivrtly l)y ihf furin and tin- part llml im paui out in v^U. 

 It <«>rupHn's owiuTM and UMianl.n in lluvm* rrganlH. In Livint^l4>n 



County, for rxMinplc. it JM found that tin- «>u '' ' td a lota! 



oxpcnsf p»«r fannly of SI.<JS.i. and of this $1 .. aitlnv uikI 



$730 niatnial furnishoil din'<tly by the fann and not ra.sh oiitluv: t) m 

 is. rent and fo<Kl cotnin;; (hrrrtly from the fann: and that the 

 farmers had n total living' cost per family of $J,(iMs. of win ' 

 was cash outhiy and $727 was furnished hy ijje fann, »li 



,i« ' i ' 



. 7 — — * ---- ........ .,., ^ ., 



apnreciahle differeiice iii the cost per funiiiy of tenantn and owners. 



Air. iirt'UAXAN. It costs the temmt.s more t«i live than the land 

 owners { 



Doctor TavU)K. Sliglitly in these instances. 



Mr. Bkiianan. Tliat must mean hij;<;er families i 



Doctor TvYLoit. That is prohaitly true, hut I have not the detaiU 

 on that. Tlie av»>ra»;e fanuly in tins survey amounted to l.I wlirn 

 we took the wliole family, hut when we took the whole houseliold. m- 

 ciudinj; tile hired help, it amounted to 4..S per family; hut it is the 4.1 

 tiiat is concerning; us. 



.\(iKI< I I.Tl K.\L K1.\.\N< K. 



Another basic line of work is that of capital or aj^ricultural finance. 

 In this division, in which ?•_'."),(»()() is asked from tlie lump sum. the 

 topics covered include a study of (ire insurance, hail insurance, and 

 the various kinds of crop insurance— the fonns of insurance and the 

 cost of securinj:^ insurance of these difFerent forms. Al.so a stu<lv of 

 the different forms of credit. Particular attention has been <jiven 

 to the credit associations in the various States. There are now l.'J 

 States that have laws providing for credit associations, and there 

 are some 300 cretlit unions now operating in the United Stat<'s. but 

 comparatively a small proportion of them among farmers. A study 

 is being made, particularly in North Carolina, to get the results of 

 what has happened there and to learn to what extent credit associa- 

 tions have been beneficial. Studies have also been made and reports 

 published on bank loans, mortgage loans made by bankers to farmers, 

 and then bank loans made to farmers on personal credits. The at- 

 tempt in this division is to get together the best possible information 

 on f|uestions of credit and insurance as they affect the farmer. There 

 are many demands made upon the men in charge of this work for 

 information and for help by the farmers' cooperative insurance com- 

 panies in the different parts of the country, especially at their atmual 

 meetings, where the representatives of large numbers get together 

 and talk over their problems. 



COST OF PRODUCTION AND FARM ORGANIZATION STUDIES. 



Now, Mr. Chairman, having covered briefly these studies of the 

 instruments that are basic to production we come to the question of 

 cost of production and farm organization, which is the gathering of the 

 facts which are basic as to the right organization of the farm. Under 

 this heading we are expending .?S.').027 from the lump sum for the 

 cost of production work and S.53,'200 from the lump sum for the farm 

 organization work. While 1 speak of these two items as separate. »ts 

 a matter of fact they are very closely associated and the work is 

 being carried on in the closest possible relation, because the major 



