124 REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. CHAP. III. 



parallel to the axis of the flower, as in Aquilegia ; 

 or oblique, that is, forming an angle with the axis 

 of the flower, as in the Herh Christopher, and 

 Violet ; or flexuose, that is, forming severa- regular 

 and contrary curves in the same plant ; or twisted, 

 that is, forming several irregular curves in different 

 planes ; or inflected, that is, bent towards the centre 

 of the flower, as in Lotus ; or reflected, that is, 

 bent from the centre, as in the Oak ; or convolute, 

 that is, rolled up spirally in a direction towards 

 the centre, as in the Crocus ; or revolute, that is, 

 rolled up in a direction deflected from the centre, 

 as in the Dandelion ; or pendant, as in Oro- 

 banche. 



Structure. In its structure the stigma is either simple, that 

 is, without divisions, as in the Snow-drop ; or cleft 

 into two or more divisions, as in Mentha and 

 Epilobium ; or lobed, as in the Tulip ; or appen- 

 dicled, as in Vinca ; or two-lipped, as in Pingui- 

 cula. The surface of the stigma is sometimes 

 smooth, as in the Artichoke ; but very generally 

 pubescent, as in Alra ; or it is bearded, as in Vicla ; 

 or hispid, as in Alth&a ; or wrinkled, as in Hes- 

 peris ; or channelled, as in Colchicum ; or jagged, 

 as in Rumex. At the time of the maturity of the 

 flowers it is moist, exuding a sort of viscous fluid. 

 In its substance it is glandular or fleshy, as in the 

 Lily ; or petalous, as in the Iris ; or membrana- 

 ceous, as in the Berberry. In its duration it is 

 deciduous, that is, perishing with the stamens and 





