126 REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. CHAP, III. 



The scape is for the most part naked, that is 

 without any leaf-like appendages issuing from its 

 surface, as in the Hyacinth ; or scaly, that is, fur- 

 nished with scale-like appendages, as in Tussilago 

 Farfara; or leafy, as in Sweet Flag. In Valis- 

 neria spiralis it is spiral ; and in the Cyclamen it 

 becomes spiral about the time of the maturity of 

 the flower. In Convallaria majalis it is semi-cy- 

 lindrical, and in Galanthus nivalis it is two-edged. 



SUBSECTION n. 



Defini- The. Peduncle. The peduncle is a flower-stalk 

 issuing from any part of the plant except the root, 

 and not constituting the only trunk. If it issues 

 from the main stem, as in Averrhoa Bilimbi, it 

 is said to be caulinary ; if from the main branches, 

 as in Averrhoa Carambolaj* it is said to be rameal; 

 if from the leaf stalk, as in Turner a ulmifolia, it 

 is said to be petiolar ; and if from the leaf, as in 

 Ruscus, it is said to be foliary. If it issues from 

 the angle formed by the leaf or branch, and stem, 

 it is axillary, as in Convolvulus and Ruppia ma- 

 ritima ; if from the extremity of the branch or 

 stem, it is terminal, as in Ranunculus bulbosus. 

 It is characterized also from the circumstance of 

 having its insertion opposite to the leaf, as in 

 Hydrocotyle inundata ; or between the leaves 



* Smith'.* Introduction, 130. 



