188 REPRODUCTIVE APPENDAGES. CHAP. IV. 



ovary, it gives the surface of the fruit a dotted ap- 

 'pearance ; but if part of it is scraped off and then 

 put under the microscope, it assumes the appear- 

 ance of clusters of grains of fine white sand, so that 

 it probably borrows its colour merely from the 

 inner part of the fruit, or from the arrangement of 

 its particles which is now destroyed. It is easily 

 rubbed off with the finger, but it resists the most 

 violent rains, being somewhat of a glutinous con- 

 sistence, which fits it no doubt both for adhering 

 to the fruit, and for repelling moisture. 



In some fruits also, though strictly and literally 

 naked, as in the case of the Apple and Pear, the 

 flower-stalk, ultimately the fruit-stalk, remains at- 

 tached to the ovary even after it separates from the 

 plant, and forms its appendage. Sometimes the 

 appendage consists of the persistent style, as in 

 Hdlcborus and Nigella, in which case the fruit 

 or ovary is said to be beaked ; and sometimes it is a 

 wing-like, or crest-like, process issuing from the side 

 or apex, as in Fraxinus and Hedysarum Crlsta \ 

 Gall'i^ in which case the fruit is said to be winged ! 

 or crested. 



SUBSECTION II. 



Species. Appendages of the Seed. The appendages of 

 the seed, like the appendages of the ovary, are 

 such supernumerary parts or integuments as are 

 found to accompany or invest it occasionally, either 

 wholly or in part, beyond the usual complement i 



