SECT. I. THE ROOT. 269 



sioned by the intervention of some accidental cause ; 

 or of some cause operating permanently in certain 

 subjects. Hence the anomaly may regard the deve- 

 lopement either of an individual or a species, and 

 may occur either in the root, stem, branch, leaf, 

 bud, flower, or fruit, according to the circumstances 

 in which it is placed ; or it may aifect the habit, 

 duration or physical virtues of the plant 



SECTION I. 

 The Root. 



ACCORDING to the general laws of vegetable de- 

 velopement, plants of the same species are furnished 

 with the same species of root not producing at one 

 time a woody or fibrous root, and at another time a 

 bulbous root. And yet it is found that there are 

 cases in which changes of this kind do occur. 



If part of the root of a tree planted by a pond or The fox- 

 river is accidentally laid bare on the side next the tai1 root " 

 water, or if in the regular course of its growth it 

 protrudes beyond the bank, so as to be now partially 

 immersed, the future developement of the part is 

 considerably affected ; for the root which was for- 

 merly firm and woody instead of augmenting in the 

 regular way that is, by the accession of new layers 

 insinuated between the wood and bark enlarging 

 the individual mass, divides now at the extremity 

 into innumerable ramifications, or sends out innu- 



4 



