CONTENTS. 



xvn 



Section VIII. Decompositions and Transformations of Organic 

 Nitrogenous Compounds. 



CHAPTER XXX. THE PHENOMENA OF PUTREFACTION. 



1 68. The Degradation of the 



Albuminoids 



169. The Putrefactive Bacteria 

 170. Proteolytic Enzymes 

 171. Ptomaines and Leuco- 



maines .... 

 172. The Albuminous Poisons . 

 ^173. Liberation of Nitrogen, 



and De - nitrification 



PAGE 



290 

 294 

 299 



302 



304 



Nitric Fermentation of 



Molasses 

 174. Loss of Colour (Umschla- 



gen) in Wine 

 Fermentation of Organic 



Acids by Schizomycetes 

 Mannitic Fermentation of 



Wine . 



PAGE 



306 



3" 

 312 



313 



CHAPTER XXXI. THE FERMENTATION OF CHEESE AND 

 ALLIED DECOMPOSITIONS. 



175. The Composition of Ripe 



Cheese .... 316 

 Conversion of Albumin 

 into Fat . . . 317 



176. Duclaux' Studies on Can- 



tal Cheese . . .318 



177. Changes in the Bacterial 



Flora of Ripening 

 Cheese Aromatic 

 Cheese .... 319 



178. Pure Culture Ferments . 321 



179. Natto and Miso . . 322 

 1 80. The Normal Pitting of 



Cheese .... 323 

 181. The Cause of Puffy 



("Blown") Cheese . 324 

 182. Cheesemakers' Recipes 325 

 183. Counteracting Puffiness in 



Cheese .... 327 

 184. Bitter Milk and Bitter 



Cheese .... 327 



CHAPTER XXXII. THE FERMENTATION OF UREA, URIC ACID, 

 AND HIPPURIC ACID. 



185. Urea, the Final Product of 



Animal Metabolism . 330 



1 86. Urea Unassimilable by 



Higher Plants . .331 



187. Discovery of the Urea-Fer- 

 ment by Pasteur . . 332 



1 88. Researches of P. Miquel . 333 

 189. Urase . . . .335 

 190. The Decomposition of 

 Uric Acid and Hippuric 

 Acid . . . . 336 



CHAPTER XXXIII. THE FIXATION OF FREE NITROGEN 

 BY BACTERIA. 



191. Accumulators and Con- j 194. The Nodule Bacteria . 344 



sumers of Nitrogen . 338 | 195. TheBacteroids Infection 



192. Discovery of the Legumi- Thread .... 347 



nous Nodules . . 340 196. Clostridium Pasteuri- 



193. Formation and Functions 



of the Nodules . . 342 



anum 



351 



