20 ALLEN'S NATURALIST'S LIBRARY. 



lish name of the "Golden-eyes," belongs to the plain-winged sec- 

 tion of the Diving Ducks, in which the quills are uniform and 

 have no light " mirror " on the inner webs. They differ from the 

 Eider-Ducks in having no patches of stiff feathers on the head, 

 e which is very fully crested. The tail is of moderate length, 

 * and its feathers are rounded ; the edges of the upper mandible 

 are not bent inwards ; and there is a distinct difference in the 

 colour of the sexes, the males having a glossy black head, 

 and the females a brown one (cf. Salvad. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. 

 xxvii. p. 326). 



I. THE GOLDEN-EYED DUCK. CLANGULA CLANGULA. 



Anas clangula, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 201 (1766). 



Anas glaution^ Linn. torn. cit. p. 201 (1766). 



Clangula chrysophthalma, Macg. Br. B. v. p. 174 (1852). 



Clangula glaution, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 595, pi. 440 (1875) ; 



B. O. U. List Br. B. p. 131 (1883) ; Saunders, ed. Yarr. 



Br. B. iv. p. 435 ( l88 5) ; id. Man. Br. B. p. 429 (1889); 



Salvad. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 376 (1895). 

 Fuligula clangula, Seebohm, Br. B. iii. p. 590 (1885); Lilford, 



Col. Fig. Br. B. part xi. (1889). 



Adult Male. General colour above black, including the whole 

 of the back and rump ; scapulars white or half black and 

 white, giving a streaked appearance to the sides of the back, 

 the external scapulars white with black margins ; wing-coverts 

 pure white, except those near the edge of the wing, which 

 are black ; the greater series white with a concealed black 

 bar at the base ; bastard- wing, primary-coverts, and quills 

 black; secondaries pure white, the inner ones velvety-black 

 with a green gloss ; upper tail-coverts and tail cindery-grey, 

 the latter fringed with whity-brown at the ends; head fully 

 crested metallic - green, as also the nape and entire sides 

 of the face, with purplish reflections under certain lights ; at 

 the base of the bill a large white spot ; throat velvety-black 

 with a shade of bronzy-green ; rest of the under surface from 

 the lower throat downwards pure white, the feathers on the 

 thighs and vent dusky blackish, the flank-feathers edged with 

 black on -their inner webs, imparting a streaked appearance ; 



