SURFACE MARKINGS 



213 



and right and left hypochondriac regions ; of the middle zone, the 

 umbilical and right and left lumbar regions ; of the lower zone, 

 the hypogastric and right and left iliac regions. 



The transpyloric plane is midway between the suprasternal 

 notch and the symphysis pubis; it passes through the first 

 lumbar vertebra and almost always through the pylorus ; hence 

 its name. 



Livep 



.Transverse 

 Co Jon. 



Ascending 

 Colon 



FIG. 73. PLANE OF ABDOMEN. 



The Liver. In front the lower border of the liver can readily 

 be felt as it crosses the costal angle ; it passes from the eighth 

 costal cartilage on the left side to the tip of the tenth on the 

 right, and in the mid-line crosses the transpyloric plane. In the 

 mid-axillary line it is a little below the level of the lowest part 

 of the tenth right costal cartilage. The upper border reaches 



