246 HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES. 



by the large cylindrico-campanulate veil ; peristome none, 

 single or double. 



79. ENCALYPTA, Schrebsr. 



Sporangium on a long fruitstalk ; veil rostrate, persistent, 

 fringed, torn, or crenate at the base; lid rostrate from a 

 conical base ; vaginula crowned at the top with a conical 

 mass of spongy cellular tissue, which is at first included in 

 the young calyptra, and at length forms the ocrea. 



a. Peristome wanting. 



1. E. commutata, Nees Hornsch. ; monoicous; leaves 

 ovato-lanceolate, shortly apiculate, transversely waved ; nerve 

 excurrent; sporangium subcylindrical, even; veil laciniated 

 or crenate below; lid rostrate; peristome none. Hook, fy 

 Wils. t. xliv. ; Eng. Bot. t. 1419.; (Moug. fy Nest. n. 1108.) 



In crevices of alpine rocks on lofty mountains in Scot- 

 land. Bearing fruit in summer. 



Stems an inch or more long, rooting at the base; leaves 

 spreading from an erect base, squarrose, tapering above ; veil 

 jagged at the base but not fringed, even; leaf-cells minute, 

 hexagonal above, large, rectangular and more hyaline below. 



b. Peristome single or wanting. 



2. E. vulgaris, Hedw. ; monoicous ; stem short, branched ; 

 leaves ligulate, apiculate or obtuse, spreading; sporangium 

 subcylindrical, even ; veil entire below ; peristome fugacious 

 or wanting. Hook, fy Wils. t. xiii. ; Eng. Bot. t. 558. ; (Plate 

 22, fig. 1) ; Moug. fyNest. n. 117. 



On the tops of walls, stones, etc., especially in calcareous 

 districts. Bearing fruit in spring. 



Plants more or less scattered, scarce J an inch long ; leaves 

 obtuse or apiculate ; nerve vanishing below the apex, or ex- 



