250 HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES. 



81. TORTTJLA, Schreb. 



Sporangium erect, rarely cernuous ; veil cucullate, with a 

 long beak ; fissure spiral ; peristome single, of thirty-two 

 filiform teeth, composed of two series of cells, twisted, united 

 by a basal membrane of greater or less breadth. 



1. Perennial. 



a. Basal membrane forming an elongated tube (Syntrichia). 

 * Inflorescence doubtful. 



1 . T. papillosa, Wils. ; csespitose, rather short, sparingly 

 branched; leaves spreading, erect when dry, obovate, sub- 

 acute, very concave, shortly hair-pointed, papillose at the 

 back and on the thick, spongy, gemmiparous nerve ; margin 

 plane, strongly involute when dry ; leaf-cells lax. Hook, fy 

 Wils. t. xliv. 



On trees. Wales, Yorkshire, and south of England. Not 

 yet found in fruit. I have seen no specimens. 



** Synoicous. 



2. T. Mulleri, Wils.; densely csespitose; stem elongated, 

 dichotomous ; leaves erepto-patent, imbricated when dry, ob- 

 long, obtuse, hair- pointed ; margin reflexed; nerve excurrent ; 

 sporangium cylindrical, curved on a long fruitstalk. Hook. 

 % Wils. t. xliv. 



On rocks. Scotland, Mr. Drummond. Bearing fruit in 

 early summer. 



Forming olivaceous or brownish tufts, 1-2 inches long. 

 Leaves firm, shrinking but little in drying. 



*** Dioicous. 



3. T. ruralis, Schwag. ; tufted ; leaves squarrose, recurved, 

 oblong, from a sheathing base, very obtuse, with rough hair- 



