62 CARADRININA [ORTHOSIA 



freckled ; dorsal line paler, dark-edged ; plate of 2 dark brown, 

 with three pale lines : in catkins (and on leaves) of Salix 

 caprea ; 4-6. 



7. 0. gilvago, Esp. 31-36 mm. Forewings yellow-ochreous, 

 brownish- tinged ; median line and margins of first and 

 second lines marked with blackish-grey and suffused with red- 

 brownish, somewhat blotched towards costa; orbicular and 

 reniform outlined with brown and blackish-grey ; subterminal 

 line edged with blackish -grey dots. Hind wings ochreous- 

 whitish, more ochreous posteriorly. 



England to York, local ; C. Europe ; 8, 9. Larva pinkish- 

 brown ; dorsal line paler, traversing a series of dark brown 

 V-shaped marks ; subdorsal pale, partly blackish-edged above ; 

 spiracular pale ; posterior dorsal dots of each segment inside 

 the dark mark : on seeds of elm ; 5, 6. 



8. 0. ocellaris, Bkh. 32-37 mm. Forewings dull reddish- 

 ochreous, more or less sprinkled with grey and whitish-ochreous, 

 sometimes mixed with yellowish or brown-reddish ; veins pale ; 

 first and second lines pale, dark-margined, median grey, sub- 

 terminal edged with blackish-grey dots ; orbicular and reniform 

 edged with yellow-whitish, dark-outlined, lower end of reniform 

 marked with a white dot edged with dark grey. Hindwings 

 whitish, dorsally fuscous-tinged. 



Kent, Surrey, scarce ; WC. and S. Europe, WC. Asia ; 9, 

 10. Larva in buds (and on leaves) of poplar ; 4-6. 



9. 0. circellaris, Hufn. (ferruginea, Esp.) 34-39 mm. Fore- 

 wings ochreous sprinkled with brown-reddish ; subbasal, first, 

 and second lines reddish-fuscous ; median shade dark brown- 

 red; orbicular and reniform outlined with dark brown -red, 

 lower end of reniform mixed with black and whitish ; subter- 

 minal line pale, edged anteriorly with dark brown-red, and 

 preceded and followed by faint fuscous shades. Hindwings 

 grey, darker terminally, costa broadly whitish-ochreous. 



Britain to the Shetlands, Ireland, common ; C. Europe ; 

 9, 10. Larva brown or ochreous-brown ; dorsal line paler, 

 traversing a series of dark brown V-shaped marks ; subdorsal 

 pale, partly black -edged above; spiracular pale; posterior 

 dorsal dots of each segment outside the dark mark : on seeds 

 and buds of elm, poplar, and Salix; 4-6. 



10. 0. helvola, L. (rufina, L.) 32-37 mm. Forewings 

 greyish-ochreous, mixed or wholly suffused with brown-red, 

 with darker bands before first and beyond second line ; lines 

 obscurely pale ; median shade dark brown-red ; orbicular and 



