354 PAPILIONINA [PIERIS 



N. and WC. Asia, Japan, N. Africa, N. America; 4-8. Larva 

 greyish-green, irrorated with black ; dorsal and spiracular lines 

 yellow: on Brassica, Tropaeolwm, Reseda, etc.; 6-10. The 

 pupa possesses a well-marked power (apparently photographic) 

 of adapting its colour to its surroundings when first formed. 



4. P. brassicae, L. 56-66 mm. Forewings creamy-white ; 

 base and costa irrorated with black; a black apical blotch, 

 reaching to below middle of termen ; in $ two black postmedian 

 spots in disc and near dorsum, and a black elongate dorsal 

 median spot. Hindwings creamy-white, towards base black- 

 sprinkled ; a small black costal spot before apex, in <$ sometimes 

 absent. Hindwings and apical blotch of forewings beneath 

 light yellowish, hindwings finely black-sprinkled. 



Britain to the Shetlands, Ireland, very common ; Europe, 

 N. and WC. Asia, Japan, N. Africa ; 5, 6, 8. Larva grey- 

 green or blue-green, with black spots and dots ; dorsal and 

 spiracular lines yellow : on Brassica, Tropaeolum, fieseda, etc. ; 

 7, 9, 10. Sometimes this species appears as an immigrant in 

 large swarms from the Continent. 



6. APORIA, Hb. 



Club of antennae gradual. Forewings : 6 and 7 out of 8, 9 

 absent, 10 separate. Hindwings with praecostal spur. 



One other species occurs in NE. Asia. 



1. A. crataegi, L. 60-69 mm. Forewings dull white; veins 

 marked by blackish lines, transverse vein thickened ; terminal 

 extremities of veins broadly suffused with fuscous. Hindwings 

 dull white ; veins marked by blackish lines. 



5. England to Merioneth and Norfolk, always local but 

 formerly plentiful in many places, now very scarce, and 

 seemingly extinct except in Kent and S. Wales ; Europe, N. 

 and WC. Asia, Japan, N. Africa ; 6, 7. Larva blackish ; sub- 

 dorsal line broad, ochreous-reddish ; spiracular region broadly 

 grey, sometimes purplish or greenish - tinged ; dots whitish; 

 head and plate of 2 blackish : feeding gregariously in a white 

 web on hawthorn, blackthorn, cherry, etc. ; 8-5. 



6. PAPILIONIDAE. 



Anterior legs fully developed ; posterior tibiae without 

 middle-spurs. Forewings : 7 and 8 stalked. Hindwings with 

 praecostal spur present, la absent. 



