PYRALIDINA 361 



of the Pyraliiliiln?, which, though of considerable extent, does 

 not occur at all in Europe, and the Galleriadae from another 

 group of Pyralididae, which is principally characteristic of S. 

 America. Of the two additional exotic families mentioned, the 

 Thyrididae are fairly numerous, but chiefly found within the 

 tropics ; the Tineodidae are a singular group, now very small 

 and fragmentary, apparently confined to Australia. The 

 ancestral family Thyrididae is undoubtedly derived from the 

 Heterogeneidae. 



TABULATION OF FAMILIES. 



1. Forewings six-cleft . . .7. ORNEODIDAE. 



not six-cleft . . . .2. 



2. Hindwings with defined pecten of hairs on lower 



margin of cell towards base . 3. 



without such pecten . . .5. 



3. Forewings with vein 7 absent . . 1. PHYCITIDAE. 



,, vein 7 present . . .4. 



4. Maxillary palpi triangularly scaled . 3. CRAMBIDAE. 



not triangular . 2. GALLERIADAE. 



5. Wings cleft, or if entire, 8 and 9 of forewings 



separate . . 6. PTEROPHORIDAE. 



,, entire, 8 and 9 of forewings stalked 6. 



6. Forewings with vein 7 rising out of 8 5. PYRALIDIDAE. 



vein 7 separate . 4. PYRAUSTIDAE. 



1. PHYCITIDAE. 



Ocelli usually developed. Maxillary palpi present, not 

 triangular. Forewings : Ib simple or obsoletely furcate, 4 and 



5 closely approximated or stalked, 7 absent (coincident with 8). 

 Hindwings with defined pecten of hairs on lower margin of cell, 

 4 and 5 closely approximated or stalked or coincident, 7 out of 



6 near origin, anastomosing with 8 or very closely approximated. 



The family is extremely large, but more developed in warm 

 regions than cool ones. Imago with forewings more or less 

 elongate, often very narrow. The species are usually strictly 

 nocturnal in habit, and many are not very readily met with. 



Ovum flattened -oval, surface granulated, sometimes ribbed. 

 Larva more or less elongate, with few hairs, usually with a 

 more conspicuous ocellated lateral spot on 3 ; generally living 

 in a silken gallery amongst its food-plant. Pupa usually in a 

 cocoon above ground. 



The relations of the chief genera are shown in the diagram. 



