412 



PYRALIDINA 



[PYRAUSTA 



A very large and nearly cosmopolitan genus, but mainly 

 characteristic of northern temperate regions. 



1. Forewings purple or with crimson fasciae . 2. 



without purple or crimson markings . 4. 



2. Forewings ochreous with two crimson 



fasciae . .' .4. sanyuinalis. 



purple with yellowish markings . 3. 



3. Hindwings with a pale discal spot . 5. purpuralis. 



without pale discal spot . 6. aurata. 



4. Wings with a white postmedian fascia . . 5. 



without white fascia . . .6. 



5. Fascia irregular, one or two white spots . 3. nigrata. 



even, no white spots . . 2. cingulata. 



6. Wings black, with two large white spots 



each . 1. octomaculata. 



without large white spots 7. 



7. Lines of forewings wholly absent . 8. alpinalis. 



,, ,, not wholly absent . . 8. 



8. Posterior half of costa pale with dark dots . 9. 



,, not dotted . . 10. 



9. A quadrate white spot in middle of disc . 10. olivalis. 

 No white spot in disc . . .9. decrepitalis. 



10. Hindwings whitish . . .11. repandalis. 



not whitish . . . .11. 



11. Hindwings yellowish or with pale markings . 12. 



16. 



asinalis. 

 . 13. 

 15. 



15. 



grey, without pale markings 



12. Discal mark of forewings linear . 



not linear 



13. Hindwings with broad pale postmedian 



fascia 

 without broad pale fascia 



14. Forewings dark fuscous . 



,, deep ochreous-yellow . 



15. Forewings yellow 



,, brown or grey 



1. P. octomaculata, F. 19-21 mm. Forewings black; a 

 large round white subdorsal spot before middle, and a second 

 in disc beyond middle ; sometimes a white dot above first ; 

 cilia white towards tips. Hindwings as forewings, but without 

 the white dot. 



England, Ireland, rather local ; N. and C. Europe, WC. and 

 N. Asia, N. America ; 6, 7. Larva ochreous-whitish ; dorsal 

 line deep green ; subdorsal and lateral green ; spiracular 



nubilalis. 

 . 14. 



13. stachydalis. 



1 4. verbascalis. 

 12. flavalis. 

 7. cespitalis. 



