414 PYRALIDINA [PYRAUSTA 



costa ; a spot in middle of disc ; an irregular postmedian fascia, 

 sometimes broken into three spots; sometimes a subterminal 

 streak, not reaching apex. Hindwings black, base sometimes 

 suffused with whitish-ochreous ; a discal spot and curved post- 

 median fascia whitish-ochreous ; sometimes a whitish-ochreous 

 subterminal streak, sometimes purple in middle. 



Britain to Ross, Ireland, common ; Europe, Asia Minor ; 

 5-8. Larva dark grey ; dorsal and spiracular lines yellowish ; 

 spots black, whitish-edged : between leaves of Mentha arvensis 

 and Thymus; 6, 7, 9. 



6. P. aurata, Sc. (punicealis, Schiff.) 14-17 mm. Forewings 

 deep purple, blackish-mixed ; a basal dorsal patch mixed with 

 ferruginous ; sometimes a yellow dot in middle of disc ; a round 

 yellow spot in disc beyond middle, a costal mark above it, and 

 sometimes one or two beneath towards dorsum. Hindwings 

 black, basal hairs ochreous-whitish ; a yellow postmedian fascia, 

 sometimes not reaching margins ; some purple subterminal 

 scales. 



Britain to the Clyde, W. Ireland, rather local ; Europe, Asia 

 Minor to N. Persia ; 5, 7, 8. Larva dull green ; dorsal line 

 yellowish -edged ; spiracular broad, yellowish ; dots black, 

 yellowish-edged ; head and plate of 2 pale brownish, black- 

 freckled : in a web amongst flowers of Nepeta cataria ; 6, 9. 



7. P. cespitalis, Schiff. 13-18 mm. Forewings brownish- 

 grey or brown, sometimes blackish-sprinkled ; first line obscurely 

 pale or obsolete; second in <$ pale greyish-ochreous, often 

 obsolete except on costa, in <j> whitish-ochreous, dilated on 

 costa ; small orbicular and oval discal spot rather darker, in $ 

 sometimes separated by a pale spot; sometimes a pale sub- 

 terminal streak. Hindwings in <$ grey, in <j? blackish ; some- 

 times a darker discal dot; a curved postmedian fascia and 

 subterminal streak in <$ obscurely ochreous-whitish, in $ 

 whitish-ochreous. 



Britain to the Orkneys, Ireland, very common ; Europe, 

 WC. Asia ; 5, 7, 8. Larva dull brownish-black ; dorsal line 

 double, grey ; spiracular dull ochreous ; spots black, grey- 

 circled ; head and plate of 2 brown, darker-freckled : in silken 

 galleries beneath leaves of Plantago ; 6, 8, 9. 



8. P. alpinalis, Schiff. (uliginosalis, Stph.) 23-29 mm. Fore- 

 wings light grey-brownish ; sometimes an indistinct round 

 ochreous-whitish spot in disc beyond middle. Hindwings in 



cT whitish-grey, a faint posterior line and terminal suffusion 

 grey ; in $ grey, sometimes whitish towards costa beyond middle. 



