560 



TOBTEICINA 



[TUYPANUS 



Zealand. Imago with forewings elongate-triangular, dorsum 

 rounded-prominent towards base, body stout and heavy. Larva 

 stout, eating galleries in solid wood. Pupa subterranean. 

 1. T. cossus, L. (ligniperda, F.) 70-94 mm. Collar edged 

 with pale ochreous. Thorax with 

 blackish posterior irregular bar. 

 Forewings pale brown, mixed with 

 whitish, with numerous irregular 

 partly anastomosing more or less 

 alternating brown and blackish 

 striae; a stronger blackish line 

 from | of costa to near torn us, pre- 

 ceded towards costa by a fuscous 

 band, and another from costa near 

 apex. Hind wings pale fuscous 

 reticulated with darker. 



Britain to Ross. Ireland, rather 



Neuration of Trypanus cossus. -^ -t-im * 



common; Europe, WC. Asia to 



N. Persia, N. Africa; 6-8. Larva brown-red above, on sides 

 yellowish-fleshcolour ; head black ; plate of 2 dark brown : in 

 trunks of elm, ash, poplar, etc. ; 7-6, usually living two or 

 more years. This larva gives out a strong and unpleasant 

 rank odour. 



8. TINEINA. 



Head with appressed scales or rough- haired (Tineidae). 

 Antennae usually f or more. Maxillary palpi often developed. 

 Labial palpi with terminal joint more or less pointed. Tibiae 

 with all spurs present, long. Forewings : Ib normally furcate, 

 Ic more or less developed, 5 normally not more approximated 

 to 4 than to 6, neuration sometimes much degraded. Hind wings 

 with frenulum, Ic present (sometimes doubtful in forms with 

 degraded neuration), 8 sometimes connected with middle of 

 upper margin of cell, thence diverging, seldom absent (A egeriadae), 

 neuration sometimes much degraded. 



Probably far more numerous than any of the other groups, 

 though the small size of the species has led to their being often 

 neglected. In certain families (especially the Tineidae) there 

 is a remarkable tendency to degradation of the wing-structure, 

 the wings becoming very narrow (compensation being afforded 

 by a great increase in the length of the cilia), and many of the 

 veins disappearing by coincidence. Notwithstanding the great 



