THE CODLIN MOTH. 51 



carried out, will go a long way towards reducing to a 

 minimum the damage done by pests of all kinds. One of 

 the greatest dangers with which the orchardist has to con- 

 tend is the introduction, by means of fruit-cases, of many 

 pests (the Codlin Moth included), and, as Mathew Cooke 

 says " All empty cases and fruit packages returned from 

 market, or used in shipping fruit in any manner, should 

 be thoroughly disinfected before being taken to the 

 orchard, by dipping in boiling water, containing one pound 

 of commercial potash to each twenty gallons of water used, 

 the package to be left in such solution at least two 

 minutes. If only boiling water is used, the package should 

 be kept in it at least three minutes." A simple and cheap 

 plan of doing this would be, I think, to attach a boiler to 

 one of those square iron tanks used for catching rain-water, 

 as by this means a waggon-load of boxes could be put 

 through in a very short space of time, the after cost being 

 simply the matter of a little fuel. 



The proper time to treat for the Codlin Moth is when 

 the fruit, be it apple or pear, is just " set," formed on the 

 tree, and as some kinds are early and some late (districts 

 also influence to a considerable degree the time of both 

 flowering and fruiting), no particular month need here be 

 mentioned. This information is given on the supposition 

 that a first commencement is to be made during the present 

 season after the flowering time, and immediately on the 

 setting of the fruit. The mode of dressing the tree, as 

 successfully carried out in America, Europe, and elsewhere, 

 is to obtain 1 Ib. of London purple, and well mix this 

 powder with 100 to 150 gallons of water. The powder 

 should be crushed very fine, so as to render not only 

 the mixing easier, but to enable the liquid to pass 

 through the fine nozzle of the spraying-machine, or pump. 

 When the mixture is prepared and ready for use, fix 

 the vessel containing same on a " trolly " or other 

 conveyance, such as is shown in the engraving, and by 

 means of a spray thoroughly saturate the whole tree. 

 [Illustrations of the various spray-pumps, &c., are also 

 given at the end of the book.] The object of thoroughly 



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