APPENDICES. 145 



inside out ; after the tent has been drawn up as far as possible, the crank 

 operating the grooved wheel that works the endless rope is turned, 

 winding the tent upon the roller until it has been entirely removed from 

 the tree. The fumigator is thus drawn forward until the tent is brought 

 directly over the second tree, when the ropes attached to the lower edge 

 of the tent are loosened, permitting the tent to drop down over the tree, 

 at the same time unwinding the tent from the roller, and continuing this 

 until the tent rests upon the tree. 



I have helped to operate a fumigator of this kind several times, and it 

 gave very good satisfaction, especially the manner in which the tent 

 was let down over the tree and taken off again. The frame of the fumi- 

 gator should be so constructed as to admit of its being lowered when 

 not in use, to prevent its being injured by high winds ; three of these 

 fumigators have, to my knowledge, been totally wrecked by high winds 

 within the last three months. There is also need of some device by 

 which one of these apparatuses could operate two or three tents. 



I am not aware that this fumigator has as yet been patented, although 

 I am of the opinion that the inventor has applied for letters patent. 



The Culver Fumigator. This fumigator was devised by Mr. John P, 

 Culver, of Los Angeles, who, on the 26th of July, 1887, obtained a 

 patent on the same (No. 367134). While both the Wolfskiil and the 

 Titus fumigators allow the tent to pass down over the tree from above, 

 the present one encloses the tree from one side, being made in the form 

 of two half-tents, which encompass the tree and meet upon the opposite 

 side. A very good idea of this fumigator can be gleaned from Fig. 19. 



The frame-work of the tent may be constructed either of wood or of 

 band iron, and the covering may be a light grade of tin, or a heavy grade 

 of canvas, or of bed-ticking, well oiled with boiled linseed oil. The 

 edges, which are to meet when the tent is closed, should be covered with 

 a thick layer of felt. 



The tent is transported from tree to tree upon a pair of runners, like those 

 of a sled, fastened together by several cross-pieces, one of which is exactly 

 in the middle, and near one end of this cross-piece is firmly attached an 

 upright post, tall enough to reach a little above the lower edge of the 

 roof of the tent ; this post is further strengthened by two wooden braces 

 attached to it near its upper end, their lower ends being attached to the 

 runner on the opposite side of the sled. The two halves of the tent are 

 attached to the post by means of four hinges, two of which are attached 

 to the frame of the tent, near its lower edge and not far from the juncture 

 of the two halves, while the other two are attached to the frame near the 

 lower edge of the roof. The opposite ends of these hinges are attached to 

 upright rods fastened to the post near its upper and its lower ends, and 

 are so arranged as to allow the tent to be raised or lowered, independent 

 of the post; they are so constructed that when the tent is being closed it 

 is pushed forward until it is entirely clear of the sled, so that when the 

 tent is closed it can be dropped upon the ground. The raising and lower- 

 ing of the tent is accomplished by means of a lever applied to the frame 

 of the tent near the point where one of the lower hinges is attached. 



