Ull 



OFFERED ON THE PART OF THE 



LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY 



OF LIVERPOOL, 

 TO MEMBERS OF THE MERCANTILE MARINE, 



Who may be desirous of using the advantages they enjoy for the 

 promotion of Science, in furtherance of Zoology. 



INTRODUCTION. 



THE science of Natural History necessitates two methods of 

 investigation. One method is the study of the external and 

 internal characters of natural objects, their peculiarities, 

 resemblances and differences. The other is the study of their 

 manners and habits ; the conditions under which they are 

 found ; and their distribution over the earth and seas. 



The first method requires closet study, and may be most 

 effectually pursued by the stay-at-home naturalist ; the second 

 can only be followed where the living objects themselves are 

 to be found. Given the supply of specimens, the one may be 

 carried on within the walls of a Museum ; the other can only 



* On the proposal of the Secretary, and in furtherance of the views developed 

 in the paper at page 46, " On the Opportunities of advancing Science enjoyed by 

 the Mercantile Marine," a sub-committee was appointed to draw up some hints 

 which might be useful to such merchant officers as were willing to make good 

 use of their advantages for promoting Zoological investigation. The sub-com- 

 mittee consisted of Dr. Collingvvood, Mr. T. J. Moore and Dr. Walker. To these 

 were subsequently added the Eev. H, H. Higgins and Mr. I. Byerley. To 

 Mr. Moore was intrusted the task of preparing a paper to be put into the hands 

 of such persons as were likely to avail themselves of such hints, and the follow- 

 ing suggestions were adopted by the Committee, and ordered to be printed in an 

 Appendix, and further circulated among Members of the Mercantile Marine. 



