PHONATION; ARTICULATE SPEECH 



665 



The intensity, or loudness of a sound depends on the extent or amplitude 

 of the to-and-fro vibration or the extent of the excursion of the vex 

 band on either side of the position of equilibrium or rest; and this in turn 

 depends on the force with which the blast of air strikes the band. The moi 

 forceful the blast of air, the larger, other things 

 being equal, will be the primary vibrations of 

 the bands, and hence the secondary vibrations 

 of the air in the upper air-passages. 



The pitch of the voice depends on the num- 

 ber of vibrations in a unit of time, a second. 

 This will be conditioned by the length ^ of the 

 bands in vibration or the length and width of 

 the aperture through which the air passes and 

 the degree of tension to which the bands are sub- 

 jected. In the emission of sounds of highest WITH THE LARYNGOSCOPE DUR . 

 pitch the tension of the vocal bands and the ING THE EMISSION OF HIGH- 

 narrowing of the glottis attain their maximum. j^J*u*** x, **. 

 In the emission of sounds of lowest pitc B re- ^ ^ 6 Pharynx> 7 . A rv- 

 verse conditions obtain. In passing from the t enoid cartilages. 8. Opening 

 lowest to the highest pitched sounds in the range betj^aa^^l 

 of the voice peculiar to any one individual, io ^ Cart ii age O f Santorini. u. 

 there is a progressive increase in both the ten- cuneiform cartilage. 12. Su- 



, IS a pAU^ . r rior voca l cords. 13. In- 



cords. (Le Bon.) 



80 and 240 





In the 



of notes due to vibrations lying between 



and 



. 



more closely approximated and the vocal aperture reduced to a 

 the timbre or tone-color, depends on 



tions (overtones). 1 ne t .m 01 uic . Th qua ii ty o f the sound 



the blending of a number ^oi the mouth 



b changes in 



to the voice a 



somewhat different quality 

 The Varieties of Voice 



are 



music scale) comprisill g 

 regic , laryngeal sounds 



^ Cerent individuals of the 



