PLANS FOR BOTANICAL WORK. 63 



IX. Make drawing from nature a specialty; buds and 

 branches, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, entire plants. 



X. Trees; their appearance in winter and in summer; 

 their foliage, mode of branching, habitats, etc. Note 

 localities where fine specimens occur, take measures; 

 learn to distinguish them by their bark, branches, 

 leaves, as well as flowers and fruits. Take a single 

 tree, e. (j-> the hickory, for special investigation; col- 

 lect and study its buds, branches, bark, wood, leaves, 

 flowers, nuts, seedlings, saplings, etc. Learn the uses 

 of forests, their relations to rivers, winds, frosts, 

 rain; their help to civilization, the desirability of 

 trees and parks in cities. 



XI. Fruits and seeds; color, form, structure, modes of 

 attachment; make sections and draw. Study the 

 distribution of plants, the agencies concerned (such 

 as insects, birds, squirrels, other animals, wind, 

 rivers, etc.) ; see 'how man voluntarily and otherwise 

 aids in this process. Note the various adaptations in 

 fruits, seeds, or in the whole plant to further dis- 

 semination. 



XII. Color in plants. 



(1) Of flowers; note whether the seasons have particu- 

 larly prominent colors; whether the colors have 

 any relation to insects; make lists of white flowers, 

 of red, yellow, blue, etc. 



(2) Of fruits; aids to dispersion by birds, protective 

 colors of green fruits, etc. 



(3) Of foliage; relation to the season, light, shade, etc. 



XIII. Our native shrubs; collect and study the flowers 

 and fruits; note their habitats. 



