192 PHYSIOLOGY OF ALIMENTATION. 



of a miniature stomach from the large. This and other 

 operative variations in the experiments and the deductions 

 which may be drawn from them are given below. 



2. The Effect of Diet on Gastric Secretion. The experi- 

 mental methods of PAWLOW, SCHUMOW-SIMANOWSKI, and 

 CHIGIN described above have answered for us a number of 

 questions connected with the secretion of the gastric juice 

 which the older methods could only hint at. Thanks to the 

 ingenious combination of an oesophagotomy with a simple gas- 

 tric fistula, and the clever surgical procedure which allows the 

 separation of a miniature stomach opening externally from 

 the main stomach, the secretory activity of this organ may 

 be followed in great detail. 



The stomach of the fasting animal is entirely empty.' The 

 secretion of gastric juice is dependent upon the taking of 

 food. This can be shown very nicely in a dog possessing an 

 isolated miniature stomach. While fasting, this is entirely 

 empty^ but within a few minutes after food is given to the 

 animal it begins to secrete. The quantity of juice secreted is 

 almost exactly proportional to the amount of food ingested. 

 CHIGIN gives the following values to corroborate this state- 

 ment: 



100 gms. meat 26.0 c.c. gastric juice 



200 " " 40.0 c.c. " " 



400 " " 106.0 c.c. " " 



When, instead of the above, various amounts of a mixed diet 

 made up of meat 50 gms., bread 50 gms., milk 300 c.c. are 

 given, the same fact is brought out. 



The above mixture yielded 42.0 c.c. juice. 



Twice the above mixture yielded 83.2 c.c. juice. 



The gastric secretion is not all poured out at once upon the 

 food, but continues as long as food remains in the stomach. 

 The rate of the secretion varies, however, from hour to hour. 

 The secretion reaches its maximum within the first hour, 



