CHAPTER XII. 

 THE REGULATION OF THE PANCREATIC SECRETION. 



i. Pancreatic Fistulae. For the study of the quantitative 

 and qualitative variations in the secretion of the pancreas 

 under different physiological conditions various experimental 

 procedures have been adopted from time to time. The earlier 

 observers contented themselves with isolating and dissecting 

 out the pancreatic duct, inserting a cannula into it, and col- 

 lecting the juice which flowed from it. It was soon found, 

 however, that the anaesthetic, surgical shock, etc., so affected 

 the activity of the gland as to stop its secretion altogether, 

 or at the best allow the flow of only a small amount, and that 

 not very active pancreatic juice. 



In endeavoring to overcome the objections against such a 

 " temporary" fistula of the pancreas, CLAUDE BERNARD and 

 LTJDWIG attempted to produce a " permanent" one which 

 should be free from the immediate effects of an operation. 

 The former observer tied a glass cannula into the secretory 

 duct of the pancreas and brought it out through the abdom- 

 inal wall; the latter used a lead wire to keep the Vluct patent. 

 .The improved technique did, in fact, yield better results than 

 the older methods, but in the course of five to ten days the 

 cannula or wire sloughed out, and further experimentation 

 was interfered with through infection of the operation wound 

 and pancreas. 



In 1879 PAWLOW 1 and a year later HEiDENHAiN 2 described 



1 PAWLOW: The Work of the Digestive Glands. Translated by 

 THOMPSON, London, 1002, p. 5. 



2 HEIDENHAIN: Hermann's Handbuch der Physiologic, Bd. V, p. 177. 



215 



