THE FRAMEWORK OF THE BODY 23 



column." Branching from the trunk are two sets of limbs: 

 the arms, which are attached to the chest by means of the 

 "collar-bone" and "shoulder-blade"; and the legs, directly 

 joined to the lower part of the trunk. 



FIG. 5. BIBS IN A NATURAL AND FIG. 6. RIBS SHOWING THE EFFECTS 



HEALTHY STATE OF TIGHT LACING 



9. These cavities which we have mentioned are designed 

 for the lodgment and protection of the more delicate and 

 perishable parts of the system. Thus, the skull, together with 

 the bones of the face, shelters the brain and the organs of 

 four senses, sight, hearing, smell, and taste. The chest holds 

 the heart, lungs, and great blood-vessels, while the lower part 

 of the trunk contains the liver, stomach, and other organs. 



10. The Joints. The point of union of two or more bones 

 forms a joint or articulation, the connection being made in 

 various ways according to the kind and amount of motion 

 desired. The movable joints are connected by strong fibrous 

 bands, called ligaments. These ligaments are of a silvery 

 whiteness, and very unyielding; so much so, that when sudden 

 violence is brought to bear in the vicinity of a joint, the bone 

 to which a ligament is attached may be broken, while the 

 ligament itself remains uninjured. When this connecting 

 material of the joints is strained or lacerated by an accident, a 

 " sprain " is the consequence. An injury of this sort may be, 

 and frequently is, quite as serious as the breaking of a bone. 



9. What does the skull shelter * 10. Describe the joints. 





