76 OF A NURSERY. SECT. VI, 



ter, they ought to be protected from severe frosts, 

 by some light dry litter, which remove in mild wea- 

 ther. At all times, except winter, if the roots of 

 young plants are disturbed by any means" (as pulling 

 up strong weeds, hoeing, &c.) settle the mould about 

 them by a good watering. 



Stocks designed 'to grow forjull standards, should 

 be set in rows, three or four feet asunder, and at one 

 foot and a half in the rows ; or if set at the before- 

 mentioned distances, they may be transplanted again, 

 another year or two, wider. Rows for dwarfs need 

 not be so far asunder as those for standards : but 

 before they are planted, the side shoots must be 

 trimmed off, and the tap roots shortened, in order 

 to procure a clean strait stem, and a full root. 



Protect ii'omjrost all new planted trees, by laying 

 pease, bean, or strong wheat straw between them ; 

 which may be secured by trampling or laying stones 

 over it, or by pegging down. Seedlings, or stocks, 

 planted out in spring, should be protected from 

 drought also in the same manner, a month or two, 

 (or longer,) and afterwards occasionally watered in 

 dry weather. 



The second year, in October, those left at about a 

 foot distance in the rows, may either be taken up 

 jand re-planted, cutting the tap to make bushy roots, 

 or, taking out every other, left to grow of a size fit 

 to grajf\ or innocalate there. This year, only the 

 stronger side-shoots from the stem should be cut off; 

 for the weaker ones will help the stem to thicken, 

 by detaining the rising sap, and imbibing moisture 

 from the atmosphere to feed it ; and the getting a 

 strong stem is a material thing, especially for stand- 

 ard trees. Do not top the leading shoot. 



Slocks of any kind will be three or four years 

 growing, or two or three from planting out, before 

 they are fit for graffing ; . and if strong stocks are 

 wanted, (as for standards,) more time will be neces- 



