OF A NURSERf. 79 



in February, or before, lay the cuttings by in dry 

 mould or sand, till March or April. Place the 

 layers in the ground, about four or five inches deep, 

 leaving two or three eyes out. The cuttings should 

 have three eyes in the ground, and only one or two 

 out, or be about a foot or fifteen inches long, and 

 placed aslant ; chuse the most short jointed, and let 

 them have a knot of the old wood at bottom, for 

 those cut off above, though they may strike, will 

 not produce so good, or fruitful plants ; they are also 

 best taken from the lower part of the tree, the wood 

 there being the most ripened. Vines are best raised 

 where they are to grow, by opening a hole, and plac- 

 ing two cuttings in, one of which is likely to answer* 

 Keep it to one shoot, and cut down to two eyes ii> 

 autumn ; then to two shoots the next summer, and 

 prune these down to two or three eyes in autumn, 

 and then the vine will proceed with vigour, and bear 

 well. Chesnuts are raised by sowing those that are 

 imported, three inches deep, and four asunder, i 

 rows six inches apart ; where growing two- years, let 

 them be planted out half a yard apart, in rows a 

 yard asunder. When five or six feet high, they may 

 be moved where they are to remain : If the seed is 

 good, it will sink in water. 



Walnuts are raised from well-ripened nuts, sown* 

 either in autumn or spring ; and if the latter (which 

 may be rather best) preserve the nuts in their outer 

 coats, in dry sand. These trees are best but onc<? 

 moved, and their tap root preserved, if for timber, 

 with the head as entire as possible ; but if for fruity 

 the tap root should be shortened, to prevent the 

 tree mounting, and the head may be cut, to accom- 

 modate it to the root, as to size. The walnut likes 

 a dry soil^and if gravelly, it does best; and though 

 walnut trees are many years before they come to 

 hear, yet if it were only for the wood, posterity 



