174 OF PRUNING. SECT. 



For planting standards in orchards, &c. See 

 section 3. 



4. OF PRUNING SHRUBS. 



Many shrubs are cultivated for their ornament , 

 and some for their fruit ; of the latter kind are 

 raspberries and barberries. 



RASPBERRIES bear fruit on little side shoots of 

 the present year, proceeding from stems of the last* 

 and sometimes produce a little on those of the same 

 year. To prune or dress the shrub, therefore, first 

 cut out all the old bearers, whose wood dies, then 

 cut out, close to the stool, all the new shoots, except 

 three or four of the best situated and strongest, 

 which may be carefully twisted from the bottom up- 

 wards, or tied together at the top, or if upright and 

 strong, left to support themselves singly. The beslr 

 situated, or those standing close together, near the 

 centre of the stool, and ranging well in the row, are 

 those to be selected. This done, let all straggling 

 shoots between the rows be clean dug out. Shorter! 

 raspberries, either just below the bend, and leave 

 them from three to four ieet high, or a little mor6 

 according to their strength. 



Raspberries must not much be shortened in sum- 

 mer ; the time for cutting them is from October all 

 through winter, till they begin to shoot at spring, 

 though the former is the best time, especially if any 

 thing is to be planted between their rows. See 



page 39. 



* * * * * * 



BARBERRY; is a beautiful and somewhat large 

 shrubs, which should be suffered to grow with a full 

 head, like a dwarf standard tree. It bears along 

 tbe sides of both young and old wood, chiefly to- 

 wards the ends, and its branches should, therefore, 



