262 HARDY SHRUBS. 



the roots. R. typhina, the Staghorn Sumach, grows from 10 to 30 feet 

 high. The leaves are odd-pinnate, having from 11 to 31 leaflets. R. 

 copallina is a shrub, growing from 1 to 7 feet high. Both are propa- 

 gated by root cuttings, and also from seeds. R. Toxicodendron and R. 

 venenata are poisonous species; the former is known as Poison Oak 

 and Poison Ivy, the latter as Poison Sumach and Poison Dogwood. 



ROBINIA HISPIDA The flowers of this species are deep rose colored, 

 borne in hanging racemes. When grown on its own roots it suckers 

 freely, and when planted among choice shrubs it soon appropriates 

 space not intended for it. When worked on stocks of the False Acacia, 

 R. Pseud-acacia, it is a more desirable shrub, but it requires frequent 

 pruning to keep it in shape. Of R. Pseud-acacia there are low-growing 

 and late-blooming forms; none of them are, however, superior to the 

 type. They are worked on seedling plants of R. Pseuda-acacia. 



ROSA (Rose). 



The Rose is without question the most popular of flowers, and it can 

 hardly be wondered at, as in the very numerous species and varieties 

 we have nearly every shade of color in the flower green, yellow, bronze, 

 red, pink, white, purple and almost black. The flowers, be they single, 

 semi-double or double, have much to please the eye, and their fragrance 

 is unsurpassed. The cultivated varieties are divided into classes. Some 

 of the varieties are differently arranged by different authorities. The 

 arrangements are intended as aids to the published descriptions; thus 

 the more easily do growers get an idea as to the habits of a new Rose 

 when the originators class it with a section of the better-known varie- 

 ties. But the varieties of the several groups have, to a certain extent, 

 been crossed one with another, and there are very few people, even be 

 they expert rosarians, who agree with each other on the position which 

 some of our Roses should occupy in any system of classification. Again, 

 as new breaks are made by the crossing of species and varieties, as has 

 lately been done with the species R. Wichuraiana and R. rubiginosa, 

 there arises a necessity for new class names. Some of the sections are 

 but little grown in the Northern States, as the plants which do best in 

 the colder parts of the country belong to only a few classes. The hybrid 

 perpetuals, or hybrid remontants, are the best-known outdoor Roses, 

 but for this purpose they are unsatisfactory both North and South. 

 In the North they suffer during Winter, and in the South they are 

 anything but ornamental after the flowering period, which is a 

 short one. In this latitude they are at their best from the 25th 

 of May till the 10th of June. They are, however, gorgeous while 

 they last. Further north some of the kinds give a few scattering 

 blooms in Autumn. General Jacqueminot, a variety rained nearly 60 

 years ago, is one of the most valued by amateurs, owing to its brilliant 

 crimson, highly fragrant flowers. This, with other valuable varieties, 

 such as Ulrich Brunner, Mrs. John Laing, Mme. Gabriel Lulzet and Anne 

 de Diesbach are not only grown extensively out of doors but they have 

 been largely used for forcing. Among the recent introductions in this 



