266 HARDY SHRUBS. 



mer they are much more satisfactory than the hybrid perpetuate. 

 Most of the kinds are quite hardy in this section. The tops are, of 

 course, frequently killed, but this makes little difference, as the strong 

 flowering wood is made from the base of the plants. Even much farther 

 North many of the kinds will stand the Winter, if protected by some 

 loose material over the roots. But even where the outdoor plants are 

 killed annually, the plants used during the Winter in the benches 

 make excellent material for planting out. If cut back and potted they 

 take about ten days, in a suitable temperature, to throw out roots 

 enough to insure successful growth when planted in the open border. 

 Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, Bridesmaid, La France and its forms, Sou- 

 venir du President Carnot, White and Red Maman Cochet,Gruss an Tep- 

 litz and Killarney are a few among a large number of others which can 

 be depended upon to succeed. Among the other ever-blooming kinds 

 the rugosa hybrids are deservedly in the front rank. It is in the neigh- 

 borhood of 20 years since Madam Georges Bruant was sent out. The 

 flowers are large, semi-double, very eweetly scented, and in color are 

 almost white, having a slight creamy shade. Under favorable condi- 

 tions, that is, where they are encouraged to send up fresh growths, 

 blooms will be produced all through the season. Blanch double de 

 Coubert seems to be a double form of Rosa rugosa alba ; it bears a pure 

 white flower, is free blooming, and should be in every collection. Con- 

 rad F. Meyer is regarded by nearly everyone who has seen it as being 

 one of the finest roses in cultivation. In deep rich soil it gives a profu- 

 sion of rich, silvery pink flowers. There are several other varieties, all 

 of them well worth growing. Added to the charm of their flowers the 

 foliage is bright green and abundant. These roses are very hardy and 

 stand our hot Summers exceptionally well. To prolong the season of 

 bloom the large fruits should not be allowed to mature. Another rose, 

 evidently with Tea blood in it, has been sent out recently under the name 

 of J . B. Clark ; it is a wonderfully vigorous rose when given liberal treat- 

 ment. The flowers are very large, well formed and bright red. It must 

 not be treated like ordinary hybrid perpetuals, because there is a danger 

 of its behaving like them and only give flowers early in the season. It 

 has given 4 distinct crops of flowers in my garden the past season, cov- 

 ering a period of 5 months. Souvenir de La Malmaipon, although 60 

 years old, should be in every garden where it is likely to thrive. 



Cultivation Under Glass Teas and Hybrid Teas are the Roses most 

 largely grown for this purpose. They are easiest propagated from cut- 

 tings of the half-ripened wood. It does not seem to make much differ- 

 ence whether flowering or blind wood is used. Cuttings may be taken 

 to single eyes with the leaf shortened back, or made with two eyes and 

 the lower leaf removed. A bottom heat of from 65 to 70 degrees will 

 answer, the atmosphere of the house being 10 degrees lower. Propaga- 

 tion is carrried on from January to March. The plants are put out on 

 the benches during June, from 3 or 4-inch pots, according to variety. 

 Four inches of soil is the usual quantity ; the kind used should be rather 

 heavy and fibrous loam mixed with rotted cow manure to about one- 

 sixth of its bulk. Subsequent mulchings of rotted manure mixed with 



