346 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



PLATE III. 



Feathers of the wing of Falco sparverius, showing transition of pattern 

 according to successional taxology. Natural size. 



PLATE IV. 



Heads of various North American birds, showing types of black mark- 

 ings, with their combinations and modifications. 



Fig. 1. Polioptila plumbea; a, Leucosticte griseonucha; b, Melospiza 

 georgiana; c, Petrochelidon lunifrons; d, Coccothraustes vespertinus. 



Fig. 2. Zonotrichia coronata; a, Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus; b, Spi- 

 zella socialis; c, Ceophlceus pileatus $ ; d, Gyanocitta cristata. 



Fig. 3. Saxicola cenanthe; a, Geothlypis trichas; b, Dendroica dominica; 

 c, Dendroica castanea; d, Dendroica pensylvanica; e, Hesperocichla ncevia. 



Fig. 4. Colaptes auratus; a, Passerina cyanea; b, Jcteria virens; 

 c, Ceophlceus pileatus $ ; d, Sphyrapicus varius. 



Fig. 5. Dendroica virens; a, Helminthophilabachmani; b, Xanthocephalus 

 xanthocephalus; c, Guiraca ccerulea; d, Cardinalis virginianus; e, Cardinalis 

 cardinalis igneus. 



Fig. 6. Dendroica tigrina; a, Zonotrichia leucophrys; b, Zonotrichia 

 leucophrys intermedia; c, Campephilus principalis $ ; d, Dendroica ccerules- 

 cens. 



Fig. 7. Dendroica blackburnice; a, %a canadensis; b, Dryobates pubes- 

 cens; c, FzVeo atricapillus; d, Dendroica maculosa; e, Spinus psaltria 

 mexicana. 



Fig. 8. Dendroica striata; a, Dryobates borealis; b, Dendroica chryso- 

 paria; c, Campephilus principalis $ ; d, Calcarius lapponicus. 



Fig. 9. Parus atricapillus; a, Spinus lawrencei; b, Motacilla alba; 

 c, Sylvania mitrata; d, Calcarius ornatus; e, Calcarius pictus. 



Fig. 10. Ampelis garrulus; a, Parus gambeli; b, Melanerpes formici- 

 vorus bairdiQ ; c, Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi$ ; d, Xanthoura luxuosa-, 

 e, Otocoris alpestris. 



Fig. 11. Helminthophila chrysoptera; a, Mniotiltavaria; b, Picusvillosus; 

 c, Colinus virginianus texanus; d, Callipepla californica; e, Cyrtonyx monte- 

 zumce. 



PLATE V. 



Examples of yellow and red as correlative colors. [ The names Icterus 

 cucullatus and /. cucullatus nelsoni should be transposed.] 



PLATE VI. 



The upper figure shows the effect of environment in bleaching color in 

 the genus Myiarchus. 



The lower figure shows a tail of an immature male Icterus cucullatus 

 nelsoni changing from yellow to black by the accession of pigment without 

 moult. Natural size. 



