208 ON THE NATURAL HISTORY 



one of that cat-tailed people, of whom Nicolaus Koping 

 affirms that they eat a boat's crew, " gubernator navis " 

 and all ! In the Systema Naturae Linnaeus calls it in a 

 note, Homo caudatus, and seems inclined to regard it as 

 a third species of man. According to Temminck, Satyrus 

 Tulpii is a copy of the figure of a Chimpanzee published by 

 Scotin hi 1738, which I have not seen. It is the Satyrus 

 indicus of the Systema Naturae, and is regarded by Linnaeus 

 as possibly a distinct species from Satyrus sylvestris. The 

 last, named Pygmasus Edwardi, is copied from the figure 

 of a young " Man of the Woods," or true Orang-Utan, 

 given in Edwards' Gleanings of Natural History (1758). 



Buffon was more fortunate than his great rival. Not 

 only had he the rare opportunity of examining a young 

 Chimpanzee in the living state, but he became possessed 

 of an adult Asiatic man-like Ape the first and the last 

 adult specimen of any of these animals brought to Europe 

 for many years. With the valuable assistance of Dau- 

 benton, Buffon gave an excellent description of this 

 creature, which, from its singular proportions, he termed 

 the long-armed Ape, or Gibbon. It is the modern Hylo- 

 bates lor. 



Thus when, in 1766, Buffon wrote the fourteenth volume 

 of his great work, he was personally familiar with the 

 young of one kind of African man-like Ape, and with 

 the adult of an Asiatic species while the Orang-Utan 

 and the Mandrill of Smith were known to him by report. 

 Furthermore, the Abb6 Prevost had translated a good 

 deal of Purchas' Pilgrims into French, in his Hisloirc 

 generate des Voyages (1748), and there Buffon found a 

 version of Andrew Battell's account of the Pongo and 

 the Engeco. All these data Buffon attempts to weld 

 together into harmony in his chapter entitled " Les Orang- 

 outangs ou le Pongo et le Jocko." To this title the follow- 

 ing note is appended : 



" Orang-outang nom de cet animal aux Indes orientales : Pongo 

 nom de cet animal a Lowando Province de Congo. 



" Jocko, Enjocko, nom de cet animal a Congo que nous avons 

 adopte. En est 1'article que nous avons retranche." 



Thus it was that Andrew Battell's " Engeco " became 

 metamorphosed into " Jocko/' and, in the latter shape, 

 was spread all over the world, in consequence of the ex- 

 tensive popularity of Buffon's works. The Abb6 Prevost 



