308 ON SOME FOSSIL REMAINS OF MAN 



and secured chiefly only the larger bones ; and to this cir- 

 cumstance it may be attributed that fragments merely of 

 the probably perfect skeleton came into my possession.' 



" My anatomical examination of these bones afforded 

 the following results : 



"The cranium is of unusual'size, and of a long elliptical 

 form. A most remarkable peculiarity is at once obvious 

 in the extraordinary development of the frontal sinuses, 

 owing to which the superciliary ridges, which coalesce 

 completely in the middle, are rendered so prominent, 

 that the frontal bone exhibits a considerable hollow or 

 depression above, or rather behind them, whilst a deep 

 depression is also formed in the situation of the root of 

 the nose. The forehead is narrow and low, though the 

 middle and hinder portions of the cranial arch are well 

 developed. Unfortunately, the fragment of the skull that 

 has been preserved consists only of the portion situated 

 above the roof of the orbits and the superior occipital 

 ridges, which are greatly developed, and almost conjoined 

 so as to form a horizontal eminence. It includes almost 

 the whole of the frontal bone, both parietals, a small part 

 of the squamous and the upper-third of the occipital. 

 The recently fractured surfaces show that the skull was 

 broken at the time of its disinterment. The cavity holds 

 16,876 grains of water, whence its cubical contents may 

 be estimated at 57.64 inches, or 1033.24 cubic centimetres. 

 In making this estimation, the water is supposed to stand 

 on a level with the orbital plate of the frontal, with the 

 deepest notch in the squamous margin of the parietal, and 

 with the superior semicircular ridges of the occipital. 

 Estimated in dried millet-seed, the contents equalled 31 

 ounces, Prussian Apothecaries' weight. The semicircular 

 line indicating the upper boundary of the attachment of the 

 temporal muscle, though not very strongly marked, ascends 

 nevertheless to more than half the height of the parietal 

 bone. On the right superciliary ridge is observable an 

 oblique furrow or depression, indicative of an injury 

 received during life.* The coronal and sagittal sutures are 

 on the exterior nearly closed, and on the inside so com- 

 pletely ossified as to have left no traces whatever, whilst 

 the lambdoidal remains quite open. The depressions for 

 the Pacchionian glands are deep and numerous ; and there 



* This, Mr. Busk has pointed out, is probably the notch for the 

 frontal nerve. 



