LEPIDOPTERA OF NEW YORK AND NEIGHBORING STATES 



25 



the tarsus in these cases is usually reduced. In several exotic 

 Acidaliinse one of the spurs bears a comb which seems to be used in 

 handling this tuft. Some species of Ptychopoda (Eois) have almost 

 completely lost the hind legs. These modifications are confined to 

 males, or are carried much further in males than in females. Besides 

 these features spurs are often reduced or lost, and occasionally 

 (Leucania, Nematocampa) modified in form. In the lower Tineina 

 the tibial spines are represented by long, slender, but stiff bristles which 

 may be either in regular rows or irregular. In some cases, as in Nepti- 

 cula and Acrocercops, tibial spines are a conspicuous feature, but in 

 the CEcophoridse and others they seem to intergrade with the ordinary 

 hairs. In some Sphingidse and Plusias the spines at the base of the 

 tarsus may form a distinct comb (fig. 17, middle leg). 



The wings (fig. 19) are usually more or less triangular, the three 



Intercalated CeU 



Accessory Cell 



Apex 



Hume: 

 Angle 



Apex 



Outer 

 Margin 



(3dA) 



FIG. 19. WINGS (ACROLOPHUS POPEANELLUS <$) 



C, costa; Sc, subcosta; R, radius; Rj, R^, R 3 , R,, R B , branches of radius ;R a radial 

 sector (usually merely labelled R in the hind wing) ; M, media; M 1} M 2 , M 3 , branches 

 of media; Cu, cubitua; Cu t , CUo, branches of cubitus; 1st A, 2dA, first and second 

 anal veins; 3dA, third anal vein; 3d A,, 3dA 2 , branches of third anal vein (3dA, of 

 the hind wing is usually merely labelled 3dA) ; f.br., frenulum-brace (humeral) ; 

 arc., arculus; S, sectorial cross-vein; r-m, radio-medial cross-vein; m, medial cross- 

 vein; m-cu, medio-cubital cross-vein; udc, upper discocellular vein (in this case the 

 same as r-m) ; mdc, middle discocellular vein (in this case portions of Mj and M 2 ) ; 

 Idc, lov. -.T discocellular vein (in this case M and a portion of M 3 ) ; fren., frenulum; 

 f .h., frenulum hook 



