ScEjr 



GlEye 



wings are the first two pairs of legs and the antenna. The 

 mesothorax and metathorax are easily recognized by their attach- 

 ment to the, wings. The prothorax lies 

 immediately' in front of them, and the 

 remainder of the front of the body belongs 

 to the head. In many species this is 

 divided, by transverse sutures, into two or 

 three sclerites. The mouth is surrounded 

 by the lab rum in front and the tongue be- 

 hind. On the sides the mandibles are lo- 

 cated when they are developed, but they 

 are absent in most species. In the more 

 primitive forms the maxillary palpi (or 

 "eye-collar") appear immediately behind 

 the eyes as small oblong or triangular 

 sclerites. The abdomen is composed of a 

 regular series of segments, the first three 

 or four of which are, in most cases, immov- 

 ably soldered together. Then there come 

 one or more movable incisures, and the ter- 

 minal segments are again fused. An in- 

 complete pupa is one in which there are 

 four or more movable incisures, one more 

 in the male than in the female, and in 

 which the body is provided with spines to 

 enable the pupa to work out of its burrow 

 or cocoon or out of the soil. In an obtect 

 pupa there are three or less movable in- 

 cisures in both sexes, and the pupa does 

 not leave the cocoon. At the end of the 



Hind Winj 



FlG. 29. VENTRAL, VIEW OF AN- 

 TERIOR PABT OF PUPA, DIAGRAM- 

 ATIC, SHOWING STRUCTURES 



Ant, antenna; Clp, clypeus; F, 

 fore femur; Fr, front; Gl Eye, 

 glazed eye; Lbi, labium, with 

 palpi; Lbr, labrum, with pilifers; 

 md, mandible ; MX, 



maxilla; 



Mx pl maxiUary palpus ( 

 body there may be an extension bearing collar); Sc Eye, sculptured por- 

 a tuft or group of setae, which are hooked tion of eye; Tar^ fore tarsus; 

 in most instances. This is the cremaster. Tar,, mid-tarsus; Tar,, tip of 

 In some pupae the male may be distin- 

 guished by its wider antennae, and in some 

 the two separate reproductive openings of the female can be recognized. 

 2 



