LEPIDOPTEBA OF NEW YORK AND NEIGHBORING STATES 41 



tympanum, ocelli, or maxillary palpi, with pectinate antennas; tongue 

 very rudimentary or lost. Hind wing with Sc and R closely parallel 

 from base, diverging before end of cell ; R x usually distinct. 



Family Bombycidse. Larva with rudimentary hair; with caudal horn. Moth 

 with Cu apparently 3-branched; R 4 and JL. stalked farthest; no humeral veins; 

 and rudimentary frenulum. Traces of 1st A preserved. (Cultivated only.) 



Family 40. Eupterotidas. Larva with fine dense hair, usually mixed with some 

 spatulate scales, with dorsal hair-pencils. Pupa not hairy; in the ground. Moth 

 with R 2 and R, R and Rg stalked; Cu apparently 3-branched, and frenulum in 

 our species normal. No humeral veins nor traces of 1st A. 



Family 41. Lasiocampidae. Larva with fine secondary hair, in some exotic 

 species mixed with scales; without slender pencils. Pupa hairy; in a cocoon. 

 Moth with apparently 4-branched cubitus; Rg stalked with M a , and R 2 with Raj 

 no trace of 1st A. Hind wing with frenulum lost, with two or more humeral 

 veins, and expanded humeral angle, which is exposed in the resting position. 



Superfamily Drepanoidea. Larva with some subprimaries but with- 

 out secondary hair; tubercle iv somewhat higher than v and well 

 separated; prolegs with a band of biordinal hooks, and usually a few 

 outer hooks also, uniordinal in Eudeilinea. Anal legs slightly weak- 

 ened or absent. Egg flat; pupa thin-shelled, in a cocoon. Imago 

 with tympanum formed of a large, double, subventral chitinization on 

 abdomen, not opening to exterior unless through the pleural suture ; 

 thin- winged; Cu quadrified in the American species, at least in the 

 hind wing; hind wing with Sc and R separate to beyond end of cell, 

 then sometimes fusing. 



Family 42. Thyatiridae. Larva with all legs. Cu trifid in fore wing; vestiture 

 deep, making the body appear stout. Frenulum knobbed at tip. 



Family 43. Drepanidae. Larva with anal prolegs lost (except in the Indian 

 genus Euchera). Moth with Cu quadrifid in both wings, slender, often with 

 hooked wings. Frenulum weak and normal or lost; humeral angle expanded. 



Superfamily Geometroidea. Larva very rarely with secondary hair, 

 but always with ventral subprimaries (at least one on sixth segment 

 of abdomen) , setse iv and v remote, iv higher ; prolegs with a band of 

 biordinal hooks, often interrupted by a sucker. Egg of flat type 

 except in Alsophila. Pupa normal without exposed maxillary palpi 

 or labium. Imago with a large tympanic hood at base of abdomen, 

 opening subventrally, below spiracle. No ocelli or maxillary palpi; 

 wings usually thin, hind wing with Sc and R closely parallel or fused 

 part of length of cell, separated at base and beyond cell, strongly 

 curved or angled at base, usually sending a brace across to base of 

 frenulum. 



j 



Family 44. Geometridae. Characters of the Superfamily; Cu trifid, except in 

 Operophtera. 



