100 WlU.IAM T. M. KoKHKS 



morpida' form a second group, but the western and exotic family 

 Epipyropidrc is not closely related to either, and in fact seems more 

 closely connected with the Tineoidea. 



The group is distinguished primarily by the larva (fig. 66) which 

 has tubercles i and ii united into a single wart and likewise iv and V; 

 but in 'most Eucleid* these warts have been lost, and the body may 

 be smooth. In the adult the venation is quite complete, including the 

 base of media (not always forked) and the entire 

 length of 1st A in both wings. The maxillary 

 palpi are rudimentary, and usually the tongue 

 as well. In the Zyga?nidaa and Pyromorphida> 

 the tongue is strong. The wings are ample, of 

 the macro type, with short fringes; the scaling 

 sometimes soft, but fairly firm in the otherwise 

 rather Yponomeutid-like Zyga?nida?. The frenu- 

 FIG. 72. zvc.'ExoiDKA: him of the female is a tuft of many bristles. 



MEGAi.orYGii>.*: The <> j s a i wavs O f the flat type, and is verv 



Lagoa cnspata, vena- ... j c /., . , " 1 ' 



tion thin and water-like in the Eucleidse (except 



the primitive genus Monoleuca). The larva 



is always more or less shortened and slug-like, with a retractile but 

 large head. The hooks of the prolegs, w r hen present, are in a single, 

 uniordinal band. The two epicrania only unite for a very short dis- 

 tance above the front, leaving a large, triangular, or more narrow, 

 slit-like space, filled with cervical membrane. Typically, the epicrania 

 extend internally into the neck, as in leaf-miners. The pupa is of a 

 low incomplete type, with thin skin and more or less movable 

 appendages. Abdominal segments 3 to 6 are free, and 7 also in the 

 male. The first abdominal spiracle is uncovered (as also in the Nepti- 

 culida?). The maxilla? have a strong, lateral extension at the base, 

 sometimes reaching the antenna?, but lack a separate maxillary palpus. 

 In Lagoa the maxilla? are reduced and divergent, much like those of 

 the Hepialida?. The abdominal segments are armed with scattered 

 spines. The cocoon is of silk, usually rather parchment-like, with a 

 more or less specialized trap-door at the anterior end for the emerg- 

 ence of fhe pupa. The larva hibernates in the cocoon, pupating in 

 the spring. 



