LEPIDOPTERA OF NEW YORK AND NEIGHBORING STATES 



141 



base. Very often a few veins are lost, or there may be secondary 

 veins developed, especially in the costal region of both wings, making 

 the homologies uncertain. The foregoing description applies fully only 



FlGS. 101-105. PSYCHIDjE 



101, Thyridopteryx ephemercvformis, male venation; 102, Eurycyttarus con- 

 federata, male venation; 103, Solenobia walshella, male venation; 104, Kearfottiu 

 albafasciella, venation; 105, Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis, seta map of larva 



to the males of the more specialized genera; in the lower ones, the 

 venation is as in the Acrolophid Tineidse, from which only the tufted 

 abdomen of the female, and small first segment of palpi seem to differ- 

 entiate them in the adult. The females in the lowest forms are much like 

 the males, except for the abdominal tuft; but in the higher, they grad- 

 ually become reduced till in the most specialized genera the female is 

 maggot-like, without recognizable structures, and with only the per- 

 sistent abdominal tuft to show that it belongs to the Lepidoptera. 

 These last forms never leave the pupa shell, but are fertilized within 

 the cocoon by means of the long extensible abdomen of the male, and 

 lay their eggs within the empty pupa shell, shrinking as they lay them. 

 Even the lower forms that have preserved their legs and other append- 

 ages usually lay their eggs in or on the cocoon. 



Eggs thin, of flat type, laid in a mass mixed with hairs. Larva (fig. 

 105) with the true legs strong, and the prolegs reduced practically to 

 their hooks, the prolegs all similar, with a single horse-shoe of uniord- 

 inal hooks, open on the inner posterior side, even .the anals being prac- 

 tically like the others. Head with adfrontals massive, typically not 

 reaching much above top of front, the front never reaching the ver- 

 tex. Cervical shield large, surrounding the spiracle, which is length- 

 ened horizontally ; meso- and metathorax also with dorsal plates. Body 



