172 WILLIAM T. M. FORBES 



.3. G. juglandiella Chambers. Deep purple-brown. Face whitish below; palpus 

 pale, with a narrow black terminal ring on second segment, and a narrow basal, 

 and very broad subapical, ring on third. Fore wing obscurely striate with blackish 

 along inner margin; middle half of costa cream-white, cut into about eight, 

 squarish spots by black bars. Apex and fringe with more or less distinctly pale- 

 tipped scales. 9 mm. ( juglandisnigracella Chambers.) 



Moth in September. Larva in August on walnut, at first in a short, linear mine, 

 which is later converted into a blotch. Later folding down the edge of a leaflet 

 and feeding outside. Pupation in the nest. 



South Ohio; Kentucky; Missouri(?). 



4. G. sassafrasella Chambers. Ochre yellow; the dorsal two-thirds of the wing 

 heavily suffused with deep, dull rcse. Head and thorax more brownish; antennae 

 black-annulate except at base. Fore wing with somewhat diffuse, blackish dots at 

 middle and just below apex, and some scattered blaik scales. Apex brown, with 

 three blackish lines in fringe. 12 mm. 



July. Larva first forms a serpentine mine on sassafras, which is later con- 

 verted into a tentiform one. Then it forms a clumsy case by rolling down the 

 tip of a leaf, usually a young leaf. The pupa is formed in a yellow cocoon on a 

 leaf. The larva is slender, lemon yellow, and with a light brown head. The larva 

 occurs in June. 



Connecticut to Missouri. New York; Ithaca. 



.">. G. rhoifoliella Chambers. Fuscous. Front white; inner side of palpus white 

 with blackish tips to second and terminal joints. Fore wing darker toward apex 

 and base of costa, with purple iridescence ( much duller than sassafrasella ) , 

 costa with basal and apical sixths wholly blackish, the rest shaded with cream- 

 color and cut with dark striae, which are more numerous than in juglandiella,, and 

 thinner, with a single heavy one at the middle. Inconspicuous coarser stria? on 

 inner margin, and sometimes on fold. Apical fringe with a couple of pale bars. 

 12 mm. 



Larva with the same habits as that of G. sassafrasella, feeding on Rhus toxi- 

 codendron and R. copallina. Moth in July and August. 



New Jersey to Missouri and Minnesota. New York : East Aurora, Ithaca. 



6. G. elongella Linnaeus. An extremely variable species, some of its forms 

 determinable only by breeding from its food, alder. Typically crimson, unmarked, 

 with red-brown fore and middle tibiae, and dirty whitish hind tibiae tinted with 

 brownish. Forms cccur with narrow, contrasting, yellow costal edge (inconstans 

 Stainton), or with more extensive yellow costal markings, which are sometimes 

 extended into a vague likeness of the costal triangle of the normal group of 

 Gracilaria; and there' may be also similar markings on the inner margin. In 

 var.' punctella (signipennella Hiibner) there are a couple of fuscous dots, and the 

 middle tibiae are blackish. Form inconstans and most of the mottled forms 

 have white hind tarsi ; var. signipennis has the white tarsi, and three blackish 

 dots on the fold; and the immaculate forms also occur with white tarsi. For 

 American forms (which some consider a distinct species, calling it alnivorella 

 Chambers) alnicolella Chambers represents the uniform red-brown form; var. 

 sanguinel'a Beutenmuller is the red and yellow one; pulchella Clemens, the brick- 

 red one; fuscoochrella Beutenmuller is suffused generally with fuscous; nigri- 

 strigella and ruptostrigella Beutenmuller are mottled, brown, yellow, and black 

 varieties, differing in slight details. Alnivorella Chambers is the pepper-and-salt 

 form and is the oldest American name; and shastaella Beutenmuller is the greenish- 

 white form with sparser black dotting. All the forms and a variety of inter- 

 mediates have been bred from alder in this country or Europe, and seem to 

 represent a single species. Many of the forms were described from definite locali 

 ties, but any are likely to occur anywhere in our area. The larva makes the usua 

 cone on alder. 



