LEPIDOPTERA OF NEW YORK AND NEIGHBORING STATES 401 



12. E. vertumnana Zeller. Wings unusually narrow; fore wing pale gray with 

 a slight bluish tint, lightly flecked with fuscous gray; rarely blackish. A slight 

 blackish antemedial streak on dorsal half of wing, fading out above; perpendicular 

 to inner margin; rarely heavier and practically reaching the costa. A similar 

 heavier streak at two-thirds way to apex; oblique and a little excurved from 

 just beyond middle of costa to inner margin at three -fourths way to anal angle, 

 much thickened in the fold, and usually not quite reaching either margin; rarely 

 thickened into a more even fascia, or sending a branch up from its outer side 

 at Cll;. Speculum with a few fuscous scales ; line in base of fringe obscure, gray, 

 and broken. 15 mm. (celtisana Riley, xandana Kearfott). 



March. The type with thickened bands is much smaller (9 mm.) than the 

 others, and may be distinct. 



Cincinnati, Ohio; Missouri; Texas. 



13. E. yandana Kearfott. Wing form as in E. zandana, of which it may be a 

 darker variety. Ground crisply dusted and shaded with chalk white; blackish 

 flecking conspicuous, clean-cut, and in the outer part of the wing forming sparse, 

 but strong, striae, especially toward the costa. Antemedial band often a thick 

 bar toward inner margin; postmedial band much thickened on outer side at 

 fold, and usually sending off a spur toward the apex. 15 mm. 



March. 



New Brighton, Pennsylvania. 



IV. Outer margin more or less concave, with ve-ms converging to the concavity. 

 Costal fold present in male. 



14. E. zandana Kearfott. Closely similar to E. yandana; cell CUj twice as wide 

 as the others, but notch in outer margin obsolete; slightly smaller; oblique fascia 

 rarely distinct; ground rather duller, dark smoky gray, dusted somewhat irregu- 

 larly with black. Line in base of fringe broad, blackish, not contrasting. Hind 

 wing dark mouse gray. 13 mm. 



March. In this form the concavity of the outer margin is very slight, and it 

 may be only a variety of E. yandana; in the remainder of the genus the con- 

 cavity is marked. 



Western Pennsylvania to Ohio. 



15. E. nisella Clerck. Crisply powdered with brownish gray on bluish white; 

 sometimes nearly evenly, showing only light and dark striation to the naked 

 eye; usually with the base more or less contrasting, dark, its outer boundary 

 sharply bent out at middle. Inner margin often brown in median area; speculum 

 with a group of black dots or bars at middle of wing, and preceded by some 

 black bar's nearer inner margin; both sets obscure in the more evenly powdery 

 specimens, and contrasting in luteous areas in the more contrasty ones. Lines 

 in fringe obscure. 16 mm. 



Larva in early spring on catkins of poplar, alder, birch, etc., falling to the 

 ground with them, after which it is said to become a general feeder on the trash 

 on the ground. 



July and August. Extremely variable. Variety pavonana Donovan is the one 

 with the brown patch on inner margin; in variety decorana Hiibner the whole 

 median area is yellow-brown, leaving the gray only on the base, apex, and 

 speculum. 



Generally distributed in Canada; western Pennsylvania. Europe. 



16. E. walkerana Kearfott. Basal two-fifths blackish; with slightly excurved 

 outer boundary, nearer the base toward the costa; median fifth white, toward 

 costa filled somewhat strigosely w r ith gray; outer two-fifths lighter brown with 

 some short thick pale costal striae; speculum a vague silver-gray area with 

 some black dashes in its upper part, preceded by a black spot or two. A con- 



