570 WILLIAM T. M. FORBES 



10. P. fodinalis Lederer. Outer margin straighter than usual in the larger 

 Pyraustas, often a little concave ; apex marked. Fore wing light ochre, often shaded 

 with olivaceous or reddish; orbicular a gray dot, reniform an oblong patch. Ante- 

 medial excurved, and waved; postmedial finely dentate, running in along Cu 2 to 

 before end of cell, very fine, gray; a broad gray subterminal shade from apex to 

 anal angle, concave on outer side, sometimes wanting. Hind wing with a straight 

 subterminal shade from near apex, usually fading out toward anal angle; post- 

 medial line usually short and straight or absent. 20 mm. (socialis Grote. ) 



Wisconsin and west; rare eastward. New York: Lewiston, Lancaster, Buffalo, 

 Ithaca, Big Indian Valley, Onteora Mountain. 



17. P. phoenicialis Hiibner. Bright straw yellow. Fore wing with a nearly mar- 

 ginal light brown or crimson border, reaching in almost, but not quite, to post- 

 medial line, nearly even in width; postmedial very fine, deeply sinuous, and 

 curving in below end of cell, but not dentate; brown, with a brown shade between 

 it and end of cell and usually before it to inner margin; orbicular a gray dot; reni- 

 form a vertical lunule; antemedial line fine, excurved, with more or less brown 

 shading before it. Fringe gray, or more or less yellow. Hind wing concolorous; 

 border similar; postmedial nearly straight from costa at two-thirds to near anal 

 angle, sometimes preceded by a brown shade. Beneath, with costa gray or crim- 

 son, extending across cell on basal half and at end, leaving a square yellow patch. 

 Outer margin also dark. 15 mm. 



Larva on apple. 



Hemlock Falls, New Jersey; Florida. "New York" (Walker). 

 Variety flegialis Walker is larger and more deeply and richly colored, with a pale 

 costa below. Various other varieties occur. 



18. P. onythesalis Walker. Fore wing about as in P. phccnicialis, the brown usually 

 lighter and grayer; the fringe, and often a little of the outer margin, pale yellow, 

 often crossed by a deep red, broken terminal line. Hind wing pale yellow with a 

 fine straight postmedial line running to the outer margin near the anal angle, 

 and a broad purplish terminal band, tapering off below. Fringe yellow. 20 mm. 

 (probably insignatalis Guenee; phcenicialis auct., in part, not Hiibner.) 



Larva perhaps on Salvia. 



Illinois; Missouri; Texas; Arizona. 



19. P. acrionalis Walker. Base mixed rose or light violet and light yellow, the 

 lines and orbicular and reniform spots violet, partly obliterated by the violet 

 shading; postmedial region from postmedial line almost to margin, solidly rose or 

 violet, leaving a narrow pale yellow terminal band, and yellow fringe, sometimes 

 separated by a broken red terminal line. Under side dark. Hind wing typically 

 whitish, shading into gray toward outer margin; with some violet iridescence; in 

 variety rufifimbrialis Grote mostly or wholly gray, usually with a fine clear yellow 

 postmedial line; in variety haruspica Grote and. Kobinson with a dark fringe. 

 18 mm. (phcenicialis auct., in part, not Hiibner.) 



July to September. 



General in distribution. New York: Old Forge, Newport, Speculator, Lancaster, 

 Otto, Ithaca, Big Indian Valley, Utica, Rhinebeck, New York City, Fort Montgomery. 



20. P. ochosalis Holland (Fitch ms.). Deep purple-brown, with obscure pale mark- 

 ings, defining more or less distinctly the antemedial and postmedial lines; a con- 

 spicuous round yellow postmedial patch, not reaching costa; usually with a separate 

 yellow costal dot at its upper outer angle. Margin and fringe dark. Hind wing 

 blackish with a broad postmedial yellow band. 18 mm. (H 47:57.) 



June to August. 



Quebec to Arizona; a yellower variety in California. New York: North Elba, 

 Oak Orchard Swamp, Ithaca. 



21. P. generosa Grote and Robinson. Deep brown; postmedial yellow patch 

 higher than wide and running through to costa, and sometimes narrowly to inner 



