THE (iEMMATING MYCELIUM. 9 



us in the case of the incipient typical myceliinu, assume** a form 

 resembling that of the parentrcell and tlu^refore terujeU a bud. 

 The daughter cell then becomes dividtxl from the jmrent by a 

 septum, which subsetjuently splits intcj two hivers and enables 

 the two cflls to sepanitt'. In many instances the parent-cell 

 puts forth only a single bud, but in others two or more. As soon 

 as the daughtfr-cell has attiiined the size of the parent, it is 

 then able to bchavu in turn like the latter, and itsi-lf put forth 

 a bud (of the .second order), from which again proceeds another 

 bud (of the third order) and .so on. 



If the j)arentcell — as is the case, lor example, in most 

 kiiuls of yeast -be globular, 

 oval, or lemon-shaped, the (^>^-n 



daughter - cell will also ^.4^ n \ J 



usually be of similar form, '^^ ' ) O 'fj ^ ^ 



and is then termed a short 



l>ud. Such globuhir buds x-^' _, '' — ^^^-'S^V-y -^ 



are referred to in the older 



literature (and occasionally 



Kio. 96.— Gcmmatiun of a TortuU iu Beer wort. 



At (a) one of the cells hail just put fortli a 

 even now) as spherical tiny bud. At the enJ <>f i^ hours (fc) this \\tA 

 VAaaf mf\v(- i»nrticiil-iil v in '"-''^"""•' LOtisi.Uralily lan.'er. After aii.ther 



yeasi;, moie paiiituiauN in j^,, ,,„„rg jj ,,„, jrr,,wii t.. half the sUe of the 



the case of yiucui'. If, on parent t-ell, and has already separated from the 

 ., ,1 1 * 1 ^1 ' i latter. Maen. itx>D. (Afi^rlJaiuen.) 



the other han<i, tlie parent- 

 cell be of elongated form, the daughter-cells issuing therefix)m 

 will preferentially develop in a longitudinal direction from 

 the .stairt, and thus form elongated buds. Most of the specie.s of 

 Mycoderiita afford examples of this type. Fungi with gemmat- 

 ing mycelia of this kind are therefore, in this resj^)ect, inter- 

 mediate to the fungi with typical mycelia. 



The above mentioned double stratilication of the septa 

 between the cells protlucetl in the foregoing manner, permits 

 the.se cells to enjoy an imlepemlent existence, and coiLsequently 

 enables them to be separated from one another. In many 

 in.stiinces this actually occurs, and con.secpiently the nutrient 

 medium wherein this tjikes place, will exhibit a comparatively 

 large number of sin-de cells. C'onvei-selv, in other instances, the 

 successively developed buds i-emain connected together, forming 

 a cellidar aggregation (Fig. 97). In the older literature, such 

 aggregations, when conijio.sed of globular cells, and therefore 

 resembling a st>ries of small knots (l^iit. Toiula), were genenilly 

 named Tonilae. This was afterwanls employeil as the generic 

 name for a number of species, .son>e of which are capable of 

 exciting alcoholic fermentation and will be described in a later 

 .section. An e.\ani[>le of these is given in Fig. 98. 



The form of the gemma' from one and the same species is al.so 

 dejHMulent on the tempenitin-e and the conditions of nutrition, 

 as has been shown by E. C'h. Hansen in the ca.se of beer yeasts 

 and wine ye^tsts. The.se, when .submerged in beer wort, develop 



