THE GK A.N LUX 



»55 



Kill, isv — P«?riiittlii-lit Cell 



(if bottom • feriiK-iitation 

 biHT \i'akt. ciiiiliiiiiiiiic nil 

 iimiKUiilly liirKf ^rnmili*. 

 Afler trt'iitiiieiit with 



Jaxssens !iu<l Lkhlant (I.) fdi-jji't that it huK also Keen obstTvetl 

 l>v llitMcjiiyimis ill the ^niiiuh-s of iiiistaiiu-i|, liviii'.' yi'ast t-i-lls 



11. W'li.i. (\'lll.) was the lirst to imhlish fh-tjiils eoneernin^ 

 the aiiatuiiiiral struetme of these fjniiiules. Whereas J. Kaiini 

 had iiii'vioii.slv failed t^i ih-tfct aiiv stiuftui e. aii<l lIiei-oii\ iiius 

 repinled them as ri\ stiilloids, Will siu-ceedeil in showiii);;, with 

 a series of jmre eultures of heer yeasts of divers origin — 

 Mi/riM/cniia, TiiruUi, and sjieeies lielon^'iiig to the Saiu'lianoityes 

 (iiininaliifi jjrouj) — that the j^nimdes in question consist of at 

 least two distinet constituents : an outer ca>e of alliuiuinous 

 substances and a fat like inteiior. which latt4.'r justities the name 

 "oil drojis " liestowcd liy Will. The only point on which doubt 

 exi.sts is with lejranl to the [ire.sence 

 of filaments (Fii,'. 15^) which, accord- 

 ing to the ob.servations of this worker, 

 extend from the outer case to the interior 

 of the ^'raiiule and there form a net- 

 work enclosing' the fatty contents of 

 the ijriiiude. O. Casackandi (I.) re','arils 

 this network as lieinj;, not a jiecul- 

 iarity of the unaltered ^Manulum, liut 

 as a consequence of the iidluence of the 

 rea^xents ('.'/. alcohol) emploved for dis- 

 solvin;' out the fattv iioitions and reveal- alciliul. M gn. j,.ko. (A/irr 



' • Will ) 



injj the alleged reticuhitions. For the 



rest, and in its chief jioints. Will's ob.servation was continue*! by 



C'a.sii^jnindi. 



The j)eculiar behaviour e.xhibited by the <iranules towanls 

 reajjents is easy to under.stiiml. With the exceptioii of Haim 

 ami Fit. KuASSKit (II.). all the other observers — including' Alb. 

 Klcucker in the case of the .so-calleil Sari-}iart>iii;/ri'.< ajiiru/atujt 

 — are entirely agreed that the gi-anules are turned brown by 

 the action of a 1 per cent, .solution of perosmic acid, which is 

 the chief reagent for fat.s. The fatty content.s h.iving been 

 extracted by a suitable solvent, the residual outer ca.se gives all 

 the chanxcteri-stic reactions for albumin. When yemst cells are 

 treated with concentnited sulplunic .acid the membnme swells 

 up; the acid then gains .^ccess tc) the granules .and ile.-itroys 

 their integument, whereupon the fatty contents of the individual 

 granules coale.sce to form larger drops. These turn first green 

 and then bluish-green to blue black, and. on the adtlition of a 

 little to per cent, caustic potash, are partly or entirely dis- 

 solved, /.*'. vani.sh fiom sight. According to Ca.sjigmmli's con- 

 firmation of the results obt.:iin«>d by Kaum, a similar effect is 

 obtained by treating yeast cells with artificial gastric juice: the 

 outer case of the individual granules is digested, whereu|H>n 

 the exposed contents mute to drops, which can then be removed 

 bv t>ther-alcohol. 



