70 TESTACEA ATLANTICA. 



shrubs ;in<l plants), is extremely common in Madeira proper. 

 I have taken it around Funchal, at the Pico do Infante, and 

 elsewhere ; and Mr. Lowe appears to liave met with it towards 

 the Alegria, at the Mount, in the Cayados ravine, &c, and he 

 Likewise obtained it in Porto Santo, during our visit to that 

 island in April of 1855. The Porto-Santan examples were 

 found on the summit of the Pico do Castello, and were similar 

 to those of the ordinary Madeiran cinereous-brown state, — the 

 keel being very strong and sharp up to the hinder edge of the 

 shield, which last had the usual depression in the middle with 

 the sides raised or tumid. 



This slug, which is easily distinguished from its allies, is of 

 a rusty ochreous- or brownish-black (frequently cinereous-brown, 

 and often of a deep uniform black), but brighter on the shield, 

 and a trifle so at the sides and keel. At the top of the neck 

 there are two longitudinal grooves, with a raised line between; 

 the lateral portion of the shield (the colouring matter of 

 which appears however to be somewhat moveable) is generally 

 of a dusky brown ; and the body is coarsely grooved (or 

 striated) longitudinally, the stria3 being more or less branched 

 and confluent. Its usual length is from about three-quarters of 

 an inch to an inch. 



Limax maximus. 



Limax maximns, Linn., Syst. Nat. (ed. 12) 1081 (1767) 



„ cinereus, Mull., Venn. Hist. ii. 5 (1774) 



„ antiquorum, var. s., Fer., Tail. Syst. 20 (1821) 



„ cinereus, Lowe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Land. 162 (1854) 



„ antiquorum, Alb., Mai. Mad. 12. t. 1. f. 2 (1854) 



„ maximus, Morel., Hist. Nat. des Acor. 138 (1860) 



„ cinereus, Paiva, Mori. Moll. Mad. 4 (1867) 



„ maximus, Watson, Joam. de Conch. 221 (1876) 



Habitat Maderam ; hinc inde, prassertim in cultis. 



This is a very large but inconstant slug, varying from about 

 1^ to 4 inches in length, and one which is common throughout 

 Europe, and which has become established in the Azorean 

 archipelago. At Madeira it is not very abundant, but found 

 occasionally around Funchal and elsewhere, particularly in 

 gardens and cultivated grounds — ascending to nearly 2000 feet 

 above the sea. It is generally of a palish cinereous-brown with 

 a warm (but very faint) lilac tinge ; its shield (which is 

 sprinkled all over with distinct and well-defined black spots) 

 being a little paler. The shield however (which is subconcen- 

 trically striate, or finely wrinkled, and rounded behind, though 

 often when the auimal is contracted and quiescent slightly 



